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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Sinusitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of one or more of the paranasal sinuses. Acute sinusitis lasts up to four weeks and is almost always of viral or allergic origin; it may develop into chronic bacterial sinusitis, which typically lasts at least 12 consecutive weeks and may persist for years. The disease progresses in the following manner: The ostium of the sinus becomes obstructed from mucosal swelling due to a virus or allergy. The air within the sinus is then absorbed by the mucosal surface, creating a painful negative pressure in the sinus. If the ostium is not reopened, a transudate fluid begins to fill the cavity, providing a medium for bacterial growth. The bacteria attract an exudate of white blood cells and serum, which creates a painful (and dangerous) positive pressure within the sinus.72 Bacterial sinusitis is not a benign disease. Serious complications may arise such as periorbital infections, meningitis, and brain abscess.73
Head and neck
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Acute sinusitis is usually viral or bacterial and presents clinically with facial pain and headache, nasal discharge and fever. Diagnosis is usually made on clinical grounds and may be confirmed with nasal cultures or minimally invasive procedures such as endoscopic paranasal sinus aspiration. Imaging usually is not required for acute sinusitis. Indications for imaging in suspected acute paranasal sinusitis include:Lack of response to antibiotic therapyImmunocompromised patientsSuspected complications, such as meningitis, subdural empyema or cerebral abscess.
The cases
Published in Chris Schelvan, Annabel Copeman, Jacky Davis, Annmarie Jeanes, Jane Young, Paediatric Radiology for MRCPCH and FRCR, 2020
Chris Schelvan, Annabel Copeman, Jacky Davis, Annmarie Jeanes, Jane Young
Postseptal (orbital) infection is clinically more dangerous. Significant complications include visual loss (orbital involvement), cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, subdural empyema and brain abscess. It may occur as a complication of acute or chronic sinusitis, or of direct spread of superficial infection. Intravenous antibiotics are required and surgical evacuation may be needed if either a subperiosteal or orbital abscess is identified.
Effectiveness of active dynamic and passive thermography in the detection of maxillary sinusitis
Published in Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal, 2021
Jaspreet Singh, Ajat Shatru Arora
Generally, the physical examination is carried out to diagnose the sinusitis based on percussion, palpation, sinus transillumination, and by asking the symptoms. Due to non-specificity of such indicators, it is often misdiagnosed which further leads to the futile treatment and may develop resistant strain to antibiotics [4]. Nasal endoscopy is an effective method to examine the nasal passage for sinusitis detection [5], but patients often experience discomfort due to the insertion of a tube inside the passages. Unlike, the medical imaging techniques, like X-ray and computerised tomography, are also used which provide the topographic features of the sinuses [6]. Thus, these are more beneficial than the former approaches as the imaging depicts the mucus filling, thickening of mucosa, tumour, and deviation of the septum. But, the exposure to these ionising radiation increases the chance of developing cancer [7]. Moreover, these techniques are computationally complex and highly expensive.
Sphenoid sinus barotrauma in diving: case series and review of the literature
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2018
Jochen D Schipke, Sinclair Cleveland, Markus Drees
As pressure differences can develop subsequent to ostial insufficiency, diving with sinusitis is inadvisable. In case of chronic sinusitis, functional endoscopic sinus surgery might resolve the problems (Jakobsen & Svendstrup, 2000). On the other hand, if anatomical features preclude from pressure equalization, severely insufficient ostia can be enlarged via endoscopic sinus surgery (Bartley, 1995; Parell & Becker, 2000). Such interventions can have a risk but might become necessary in the case of professional divers or aviators. Possible risks of extensive surgical dissection (Mafee, Chow, & Meyers, 1993; Metson & Gliklich, 1996) could be avoided by employing balloon sinuplasty as an alternative to dilate the ostia of the sinus (Abreu et al., 2014).