China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Effects of Environmental Conditions on Competitive Swimming Performance
Published in Youlian Hong, Routledge Handbook of Ergonomics in Sport and Exercise, 2013
Joshua Guggenheimer, Kasey Young, Dennis Caine
The most frequently diagnosed shoulder injury is known as ‘swimmer’s shoulder’, which is an impingement syndrome that occurs when either the supraspinatus muscle tendon, biceps brachii tendon or both become compressed by the acromion of the scapula, making shoulder motion extremely painful and making swimming almost impossible (Johnson et al., 1987). In one study, 91 percent (73/80) of elite swimmers aged 13–25 years reported shoulder pain, and 69 percent of those examined with MRI (36/52) had supraspinatus tendinopathy (Sein et al., 2010). Bak and Fauno (1997) performed complete physician examinations on 36 swimmers with a history of shoulder injuries and found that 12 swimmers were classified as having a primary impingement and 25 swimmers were classified as having a secondary impingement. In a recent study of 236 female swimmers, ages 8–77 years, 48 (20.3 percent) swimmers had shoulder pain and disability. Other shoulder injuries that can affect a swimmer include directional instability, glenohumerallabral injuries, brachial plexus injuries, acromioclavicular joint pain, arthritis and rotator cuff injuries (McMaster, 1999).
The role of the biomechanics analyst in swimming training and competition analysis
Published in Sports Biomechanics, 2021
Tiago M. Barbosa, Augusto Carvalho Barbosa, David Simbaña Escobar, Gary John Mullen, Jodi M. Cossor, Ryan Hodierne, Raúl Arellano, Bruce R. Mason
Land-based analysis also aims to prevent musculoskeletal injuries and monitor its risk factors (Figure 2). Swimmers frequently develop shoulder pain. The shoulder is the most frequently injured joint in swimming (McMaster & Troup, 1993). The prevalence of shoulder pain varies from 3% to 91% (Tessaro et al., 2017). Biomechanics, training volume, and repetitive sport stresses are the biggest contributors to shoulder injury (Grote et al., 2004; Johnson, 2003; Keskinen et al., 1980; McFarland & Wasik, 1996; Rovere & Nichols, 1985; Stocker et al., 1995; Vizsolyi et al., 1987). Risk factors that were only investigated by a single study assigned a low level of certainty as there is insufficient evidence to make a conclusion and requires future investigation to aid an evidence-based practice by analysts. These risk factors include the triceps length (Tate et al., 2012), latissimus length (Tate et al., 2012) and internal/external rotation endurance (Beach et al., 1992). The trunk and knee are also common sites for injuries in swimmers (Kerr et al., 2015). Notwithstanding, measurable risk factors have not been specifically assessed in swimmers.
The Effect of Shoulder Injury Prevention Program on Shoulder Isokinetic Strength in Young Male Volleyball Players
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2022
Saeed Eshghi, Mostafa Zarei, Hamed Abbasi, Shahab Alizadeh
Shoulder strength deficits are not just limited to adult players, but also it has been identified in adolescent volleyball athletes (Stickley et al., 2008). As adolescent athletes are going through biological growth and maturation they lack complete neuromuscular development, which has been hypothesized to be a contributing factor to shoulder strength imbalance (Stickley et al., 2008). Identifying these risk factors and suggesting prevention strategies accordingly is of utmost importance for preventing future injuries (Cools et al., 2015). Isokinetic shoulder strength screening tests are one of the most common tools to assess an individual’s propensity for shoulder injury (Ellenbecker & Davies, 2000; Forthomme et al., 2018; McCall et al., 2015). Studies have shown that exercise programmesaiming to increase shoulder’s muscular strength can improve muscle imbalance and reduce the risk of injury in volleyball players (Niederbracht et al., 2008; Stickley et al., 2008). FIFA has developed a shoulder prevention programme called the “FIFA 11+ shoulder” (11 + S) program for goalkeepers. The program consists of three sections: general warm-up exercises to improve the strength and balance of shoulder muscles, elbows, wrists, and fingers; and advanced exercises for core stability and muscle control. Although primarily the programme was intended for soccer goalkeepers the program is also recommended for players of other overhead sports (Ejnisman et al., 2016). Considering the importance of muscular strength for joint stability and injury prevention and also difficulties in obtaining a programme specific for volleyball players, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an eight-week 11 + S programme on shoulder isokinetic strength in young Iranian male volleyball players.