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Imaging in oncology
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is used for treatment of inoperable HCC and hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. SIRT involves the following:High quality catheter angiography of the liver to outline arterial anatomy and tumour blood supplySuperselective microcatheter placement into hepatic artery branches supplying tumourInjection of resin (or glass) microspheres loaded with a radioisotope, 90yttrium90yttrium emits beta particle radiationSIRT induces tumour necrosis through a combination of blockage of blood supply and local delivery of radiotherapy (brachytherapy).
Glossary of scientific and technical terms in bioengineering and biological engineering
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Scientific and Technical Terms in Bioengineering and Biological Engineering, 2018
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a form of radiation therapy used in interventional radiology to treat cancer. It is generally for selected patients with un-resectable cancers, those that cannot be treated surgically, especially hepatic cell carcinoma or metastasis to the liver.
Theranostic approaches in nuclear medicine: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Luca Filippi, Agostino Chiaravalloti, Orazio Schillaci, Roberto Cianni, Oreste Bagni
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) also known as transarterial radioembolization (TARE) consists in a loco-regional approach to primary and secondary hepatic tumors. The rationale of this therapy is based on the unique vascularization of liver that receives blood from both the hepatic artery and the portal vein. It has been demonstrated that hepatic malignancies are mainly vascularized by the hepatic artery and its branches, while non-neoplastic parenchyma is primarily supplied by the portal system [67]. In SIRT/TARE, the beta-emitter radionuclide 90Y, embedded in resin or glass microspheres, is injected directly into the blood flow through a catheter placed in the hepatic artery. As a matter of fact, two distinct devices are currently available for 90Y-radioembolization, the former based on glass microspheres (TheraSphere, Biocompatibles UK Ltd., Farnham, United Kingdom) and the latter consisting in resin microspheres (SIR-Spheres; Sirtex Medical Ltd, Australia) [68]. It is worth mentioning that, although the two kinds of microspheres (i.e. glass and resin ones) present different physico-mechanical and activity properties, they were found to have similar efficacy in clinical trials [69].