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Normal Tissue Damage Following Photodynamic Therapy: Are There Biological Advantages?
Published in Barbara W. Henderson, Thomas J. Dougherty, Photodynamic Therapy, 2020
However, we do believe that there is a major potential for PDT. In part, the way forward must lie in identifying and exploiting the distinct biological advantages of PDT. These can undoubtedly be developed to be of real benefit to patients, but only if suitable patient groups are carefully identified, and appropriate treatment conditions and parameters are used. The tumors most likely to respond are early small lesions that can be easily encompassed within an irradiation field. Already the potential is clear for glioma therapy, treatment of small but multifocal bladder neoplasia, and early lung and gastrointestinal tumors in patients considered unsuitable for surgery. In the future, radical surgery for early localized tumors may become inappropriate if the lesion can be completely treated by local therapy such as PDT. Accurate exploitation of photodynamic threshold effects and differential tissue response will allow rational use of PDT.
Chapter 11: Applications And Characterization Of Radiolabeled Or Magnetizable Nano- And Microparticles For Res, Lymph, And Blood Flow Studies
Published in Alan Rembaum, Zoltán A. Tökés, Micro spheres: Medical and Biological Applications, 2017
Strand Sven-Erik, Andersson Lena, Bergqvist Lennart
With the introduction of the colloid clearance technique, experimental tumor growth was found to be associated with enhancement of clearance of injected particles from the blood.82-84 In subsequent experiments in mice, Old et al.85 observed that enhanced phagocytic activity, as reflected by the intravascular removal of colloidal carbon, increased during the early phase of sarcoma and carcinoma tumors. Prior to the death of animals, the disappearance rate of colloidal carbon returned to normal. An increase in tumor size correlated with a decline of RE function. Studies in humans with gastric cancer revealed a more depressed RE function in patients with locally advanced disease than in patients where radical surgery was possible.86 Other observations have shown an increased RE function, measured by particle blood clearance, in patients with cancer.87,88
Outcome Prediction of Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Using Neural Analysis of Pre- and Postoperative Parameters
Published in Raouf N.G. Naguib, Gajanan V. Sherbet, Artificial Neural Networks in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Patient Management, 2001
One hundred and three consecutive patients undergoing radical surgical resection of oesophago-gastric junctional adenocarcinoma were studied. All patients had undergone detailed preoperative assessment prior to selection for surgery. This assessment included appraisal of tumour stage and resectability by chest X-ray, endoscopy, abdominal ultrasound scan and thoraco-abdominal CT scan. Patient fitness for surgery was formally assessed by tests of renal, hepatic, respiratory, cardiac, and psychological function. All patients were deemed fit for radical surgery with a realistic expectation of cure. Pre-operative data was recorded prospectively (Table 7.1). Selected pathological information derived from a detailed standardised assessment of the resected specimen was recorded separately (Table 7.2).
Focal therapy for localized cancer: a patent review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Jette Bloemberg, Luigi Van Riel, Dimitra Dodou, Paul Breedveld
The localized killing by focal therapy aims at different organizational levels of the body as compared to conventional treatment such as systemic therapy. The structural hierarchy of the human anatomy consists of distinct levels of organization that increase in complexity: the cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organismal level [11]. The cancer tissue/network comprises the cancer cells and their vascular network for the supply of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of waste products, essential for the cancer progression [12]. Every level of organization is characterized by its anatomy (the structure) and physiology (the function), both being essential for its existence [11]. Focal therapy targets either the tissue or the cell level, whereas radical surgery targets the cancer cell network and a margin of normal tissue surrounding it (e.g. the whole organ in radical prostatectomy), and systemic therapy targets the organ system [13–15].