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Extracorporeal devices
Published in Ronald L. Fournier, Basic Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering, 2017
CAPD is based on the addition to the peritoneal cavity of a sterile hypertonic solution of glucose and electrolytes. The peritoneal cavity is a closed space formed by the peritoneum, a membrane-like tissue that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the internal organs such as the liver and the intestines. The peritoneum has excellent mass transfer characteristics for a process like CAPD. The peritoneum has the appearance of a fairly transparent sheath that is smooth and quite strong. The surface area (S) of the peritoneum is about 1.75 m2. Its thickness ranges from 200 to over 1000 μm. The surface of the peritoneum presented to the CAPD dialysate solution consists of a single layer of mesothelial cells that is densely covered with microvilli or tiny hair-like projections. Beneath this layer of cells is the interstitium that has the characteristics of a gel-like material. Within the interstitium, there is a rich capillary network providing a total blood flow on the order of 50 mL min−1.
Decellularized inner body membranes for tissue engineering: A review
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Ilyas Inci, Araz Norouz Dizaji, Ceren Ozel, Ugur Morali, Fatma Dogan Guzel, Huseyin Avci
Peritoneum is a complex serous membrane that covers the inner lining of the abdominal cavity and supports the internal organs within [154,155]. Peritoneum is composed of a basement membrane containing mesothelial cells and thin connective tissue carrying blood vessels, nerves, fat, lymphatics and fibers. Peritoneum consists of two layers: the outer and the inner layers, also known as parietal and visceral peritoneum. The former is the lining across the abdominal wall while the latter is the membrane, which covers the internal organs. Potential peritoneal space between these layers is called the peritoneal cavity and consists of mesothelial cells and a smooth serous fluid. Peritoneum has been shown to serve as a good candidate for the construction of skin, aorta and vascular grafts due to its biological characteristics (embryologically derived from the mesoderm) and its lower risk of thrombosis compared to artificial grafts [155].
Ozonation of Bovine Peritoneal Membrane for Preservation: Preliminary Investigation
Published in Ozone: Science & Engineering, 2022
Lívia Helena Moreira, Maria Katiana Salomão, Henrique Cunha Carvalho, André Luis Silva Mendes, Ranato Amaro Zangaro, Adriana Barrinha Fernandes, Carlos Jose de Lima
The peritoneum is the largest and most complex serous membrane in the body. The peritoneal cavity corresponds to the space between the parietal peritoneum, which is located in the abdominal wall, and the visceral peritoneum, which surrounds the abdominal organs (Healy and Reznek 1998). It plays an essential role in preventing abdominal friction and adhesion by providing a lubricated surface due to a small amount of sterile fluid secretion that also serves as a local bacterial defense (Schaefer et al. 2016) and it can be used as a fluid transport channel in ultrafiltration procedures, such as in peritoneal dialysis, with advantages over hemodialysis, especially in children (Amaral et al. 2017; Wasnik et al. 2014).
Potential clinical value of catheters impregnated with antimicrobials for the prevention of infections associated with peritoneal dialysis
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Hari Dukka, Maarten W. Taal, Roger Bayston
Peritoneal dialysis involves infusion of a dialysis fluid into the peritoneal cavity via the peritoneal dialysis catheter. The fluid consists of osmotic agents, buffers, and electrolytes and is allowed to dwell in the peritoneal cavity for 1–12 hours. Metabolites and electrolytes are transferred into the dialysis fluid by diffusion and convection, and water is removed by osmosis.