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Medical biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2018
For instance, DNA samples at crime scenes have been found to be faked. In one case, a criminal even planted fake DNA evidence in his own body: Dr. John Schneeberger raped one of his sedated patients in 1992 and left semen on her underwear. Police drew Schneeberger’s blood and compared its DNA against the crime scene semen DNA on three occasions, never showing a match. It turned out that he had surgically inserted a Penrose drain into his arm and filled it with foreign blood and anticoagulants.
From surface realism to training considerations: a proposal for changing the focus in the design of training systems
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2020
The effectiveness of low-fidelity training simulation is not limited to the skills that depend on declarative knowledge (as in La Rochelle et al.), but is also shown in procedural and more complex manual skills. For example, in a study by Matsumoto et al. (2002), 40 medical students were trained on the manual task of stone-extraction surgery in one of the two conditions of high- and low-fidelity. Students in the high-fidelity condition practiced with complex equipment and materials of surgery, and students in the low-fidelity condition practiced with a mock-up model of surgical equipment such as moulded latex, straws, Penrose drain, and a cup. Students in both conditions received the hands-on training under experienced endourologists’ supervision. At the end of the training sessions, students’ performance was measured on the task of removing a stone from a high-fidelity bench model. Matsumoto et al. found no significant difference in the performance of the two conditions. With considering the cost of the low-fidelity equipment (CA$20) compared to the high-fidelity system (CA$3,700), authors provided compelling evidence to revise the reliance on expensive high-fidelity training materials in procedural tasks in medical training.