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Reproductive system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Priapism is a prolonged penile erection, which may be related to trauma, underlying medical conditions or some pharmaceuticals, among other causative factors. It is painful or at least uncomfortable and is considered a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment to avoid long-term dysfunction and irreversible infarction. Figure 8.42c shows infarction of the penis post-priapism. The blue arrows outline a region of echo-dark change within the corpora cavernosa, and no blood flow detected using colourflow Doppler.
Biocatalytic Nanoreactors for Medical Purposes
Published in Peter Grunwald, Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis, 2019
Oscar González-Davis, Chauhan Kanchan, Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
Peyronie’s disease is caused by the formation of scar tissue inside the penis producing difficulties in obtaining a straight erection. Collagenase is an enzyme that selectively dissolves collagen and is used for the clinical treatment of Peyronie’s disease (Hay et al., 2013). The use of NCs has improved enzyme delivery through the dense extracellular matrices (Villegas et al., 2015).
Device profile of the Ambicor two-piece inflatable penile prosthesis for treatment of erectile dysfunction: overview of its safety and efficacy
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Daniel P. Simon, Kevin Alter, Petar Bajic, Laurence A. Levine
Erectile dysfunction (ED), defined as the consistent or recurrent inability to attain and/or maintain penile erection sufficient for sexual satisfaction, is one of the most common forms of male sexual dysfunction, affecting more than half of men over age 40 years [1,2]. The prevalence of ED increases with age, and it affects more than half of men over age 40 years [2]. ED can profoundly influence quality of life for men and their partners and has been associated with anger, depression, and anxiety; in their relationships, men with ED report lower levels of satisfaction as well as decreased levels of physical and emotional intimacy [3,4]. First-line therapy for ED often consists of oral phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5Is), intraurethral or intracavernosal injection therapies, and/or vacuum erection devices (VEDs). In cases of refractory ED, penile prosthesis is considered the optimal method for surgical restoration of erectile function; furthermore, there is growing evidence to suggest certain patients may benefit from earlier placement of penile prosthesis, such as those with combined ED and Peyronie’s disease (PD) requiring surgical management [5,6]. Since Scott et al. introduced the first inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) in 1973, substantial advances in prosthetic design and materials as well as improvements in surgical technique have led to the emergence of the IPP as the gold standard for the surgical treatment of ED [7].