China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Deep Learning for Retinal Analysis
Published in Ervin Sejdić, Tiago H. Falk, Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Biomedical Big Data, 2018
Henry A. Leopold, John S. Zelek, Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
Ophthalmology can be defined as basic and clinical studies of the eye and vision. It is widely accepted the origins of this field of medicine date back at least 2500 years to Alcmaeon of Cotona, according to the Greek anatomist and physician Galen of Pergamon, who defined the field [1]. Ophthalmology built upon Galen’s writings and was incorporated in studies of optics, most notably by Ibn al Haytham. His magnum opus Kitab al Manazir (The Book of Optics), was published in 1015 AD and had a great influence on scientists in opthalmology [2]. A pivotal breakthrough in studying the eye was the ophthalmoscope—also referred to as the funduscope—developed by the physicist and ophthalmologist Hermann Von Helmholtz in 1851 ,which made study of the retina possible. Today, ophthalmoscopes are an essential part of every doctors’ arsenal in ocular health diagnostics. Modern technological innovations within this space have been in the apparatus, with the most common being the fundus camera [3]. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new technology, first proposed in 1991 [4]. Compared to fundus images, the advantage for OCT imaging is its ability to extract 3-D data on the topology of the eye, enabling a more detailed view of retinal morphology; the disadvantage of OCT is its cost and time to capture images [5]. The methods described herein focus on the use of images collected from such devices.
Biocomposites in Advanced Biomedical and Electronic Systems Applications
Published in S. M. Sapuan, Y. Nukman, N. A. Abu Osman, R. A. Ilyas, Composites in Biomedical Applications, 2020
Generally, ophthalmology is the science of the eye and the treatment of its disorders and diseases. Biomaterials have been utilized in ophthalmology science since the middle of the nineteenth century. In the meantime, a wide variety of biomaterials used in ophthalmological applications are now recognized. Some common uses of biomaterials in ophthalmology are the following (Modjarrad & Ebnesajjad, 2013): Contact lensesIntraocular lenses (IOLs)Artificial orbital wallsArtificial corneasArtificial lacrimal ductsGlaucoma filtration implantsViscoelastic replacementsDrug delivery systemsScleral bucklesRetinal tacks and adhesivesOcular endotamponades
A Novel IR Analyzer Based Property Extraction for Segmented Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion and GWO-CNN Based Classification – An Ophthalmic Outcome
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
S. G. Gayathri, S. Joseph Jawhar
Ophthalmology, a branch of medicine deals with diagnosis and treatment of eyes. Now a days there exist a variety of eye diseases where some do not have prior symptoms. Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) is one such disorder. BRAO is mainly caused due to occlusion in the arteries [1–4]. BRAO are mainly noticed in elder persons and are rare in younger generation. But some case studies reveal that BRAO are seen in younger generations too [5]. These types of occlusion can cause the blood supply to be blocked for further passing in the arteries of the retina (Figure 1). Due to this blockage the artery get ruptured causing blood get spreaded inside retina. BRAO can cause permanent vision loss if the patient does not get timely treatment. Once the vision get lossed then the recovery becomes impossible. Some of the risk factors causing BRAO are hypertension, atherosclerosis some artery disease, etc.