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Waste Treatment Processes
Published in Saleh S. Al Arni, Mahmoud M. Elwaheidi, Concise Handbook of Waste Treatment Technologies, 2020
Saleh S. Al Arni, Mahmoud M. Elwaheidi
Optimum condition of temperature for the functioning of cell metabolism and microorganism growth depends on the species of microorganism. Some types of microorganism can grow at temperatures of about -10 °C, and others above 100 °C. Figure 7.3 shows the different temperatures of microorganism’s growth ranges [2]. In the application of biowaste treatment, microorganisms can be classified according to temperature range as following: Psycrophilic microorganism grows at temperatures that range between -5 oC and 20 oC; the optimum temperature is about 15 °C.Mesophilic microorganism grows at temperatures that range between 20 oC and 45 °C; the optimum temperature is about 37 °C.Thermophilic microorganism grows at temperatures between 45 °C and 70 oC with its best at about 60 °C.
Control of Organic and Inorganic Gaseous Emission
Published in Jeff Kuo, Air Pollution Control Engineering for Environmental Engineers, 2018
M/O can be classified by the temperature range for their optimal growth. A mesophile will grow best in moderate temperatures, typically between 20 and 45 °C (68 and 113 °F) [Note: The optimal temperature range for thermophilic M/O is 45 to 122 °C (113 to 252 °F) and that of psychrophilic M/O is -15 (or lower) and 10 °C (5 °F, or lower, and 50 °F)]. Most of the bioreactors count on mesophilic M/O to do the work. If the temperature of the waste gas stream is outside this range, it needs to be adjusted before entering the bioreactor. Humidification of the gas stream by water would lower its temperature, in addition to providing the required moisture. There are also optimal pHs for bacterial growth. The M/O active in most bioreactors prefer neutral or near the neutral pH. Chemicals to adjust or buffer the pH are often added.
Fate and Behavior of Endocrine Disrupters in Wastewater Treatment Processes
Published in Jason W. Birkett, John N. Lester, Endocrine Disrupters in Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Processes, 2002
Temperature influences the activity of the microbial community and metabolic pathways; generally mesophilic conditions are used. A reduction in temperature will reduce the effluent quality as the metabolic rate of the organisms slows. The effluent COD and effluent suspended solids would be likely to increase during periods of low metabolic activity. In one study looking at NTA removal,162 a reduction in temperature resulted in a denser liquid fraction in the aerator that prevented good floc settling and may have caused an increase in effluent suspended solids; recovery of the system occurred when the temperature returned to normal. STWs are operated at ambient temperatures that are fluctuating rather than in temperature controlled environments; therefore, temperature effects are inevitable.
Microbiology in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2020
Frederick J. Passman, Peter Küenzi
Although no individual bacterial or archaeal species can thrive in all environments overall, these two branches of life exhibit temperature tolerance and metabolic ranges that substantially exceed both the environmental tolerance and metabolic diversity scope of all other organisms. As a domain, bacteria are present in most habitats on Earth, in the atmosphere, and in space (27–29). Some species (aerobes) require oxygen; others (anaerobes) can only thrive when oxygen is absent. Facultative anaerobes—bacteria that behave like aerobes when sufficient oxygen is present and like anaerobes when the amount of oxygen present is not sufficient to support aerobic metabolism—are especially important biodeterioration agents. Particularly within biofilm communities, they scavenge oxygen, creating conditions suitable for obligate anaerobes. Some bacterial species use carbon dioxide as their sole source of carbon, whereas others require organic carbon as food. Bacteria thrive in temperatures low or high (−5 °C to well over 100 °C), classically divided into psychrophiles (<20 °C), mesophiles (20–40 °C), thermophiles (40–60 °C), and extreme thermophiles (>60 °C). Bacteria may withstand various concentrations of pollutants and salts and feel right at acidic, neutral, or alkaline pH ranges (30).
Atlantic Forest’s and Caatinga’s semiarid soils and their potential as a source for halothermotolerant actinomycetes and proteolytic enzymes
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Marghuel A. Vieira Silveira, Saara M. Batista dos Santos, Débora Noma Okamoto, Itamar Soares de Melo, Maria A. Juliano, Jair Ribeiro Chagas, Suzan P. Vasconcellos
Expressively important on soil, it has been predicted that in 1 (one) gram is likely to accumulate more than a million of actinomycetes. Most of them behave as neutrophile but still able to grow in a range from pH 5,0 to 9,0 and mesophile in laboratory conditions. Among the studied strains it was revealed that all behave as mesophiles, with optimum growth temperature at 30°C and ability to grow above temperatures of 45°C. Despite the actinomycetes, natural habitat finding higher temperatures, studies in the literature suggest that most of these organisms, including those involved in the production of antibiotics, are mesophiles in laboratory conditions [51].