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Culture Media
Published in Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver, Microbiological Examination of Water and Wastewater, 2018
Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver
Differential media make it easier to distinguish colonies of the desired organisms from other colonies growing on the same plate. Sometimes selective and differential media are used together. For example, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria has the ability to tolerate high concentrations of sodium chloride; another characteristic is its ability to ferment the carbohydrate mannitol to form an acid. Mannitol salt agar medium contains 7.5 percent sodium chloride and also contains a pH indicator that changes its color if the mannitol is fermented to acid. Bacteria that grow with high salt concentration and ferment mannitol by acid production can be readily identified by color change.
Use of Artificial Wetlands as Degradation Systems of Recalcitrant Contaminants and Transformers of Energy to Electricity
Published in María del Carmen Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa, Amado Enrique Navarro-Frómeta, Josep M. Bayona, Artificial or Constructed Wetlands, 2018
Aranys del Carmen Borja-Urzola, Citlaly Marisol Hernández-Arriaga, Oscar Hugo Miranda-Méndez, María Guadalupe Salinas-Juárez, Marisela Bernal-González, María del Carmen Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa
Additionally, the water samples collected were tested using microbiological media: agar eosine-methylene blue, agar mannitol salt, agar potato dextrose with chloramphenicol, nutritive, and MacConkey’s to reach bacterial strains isolation that, according to literature, were capable of degrading atrazine at laboratory level following the conditions found in other places of study with a similar situation to Xochimilco (Da Cunha et al. 2013).
Hygienic sanitary risk and microbiological quality of meat and meat-contact surfaces in traditional butcher shops and retail establishments- lessons from a developing country
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Mireille Serhan, Hiba Hourieh, Maria El Deghel, Carole Serhan
Raw meat samples collected from butchers and retail shops were transported to the laboratory. The preparation and dilutions of the samples were made according to the standard ISO 6887–1:2017b − 5 (ISO 2017), as per Serhan et al. (2022a). From each sample, 25 g was homogenized in 90 mL peptone water (Bio-rad, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) with a laboratory blender (Waring, USA) for 3 min. A 10-fold serial dilution was prepared in 0.1% (v/v) peptone water. Each dilution was plated for colony counting. Some microorganisms were enumerated (Total Aerobic Count (TAC), fecal coliforms, mesophilic yeasts and molds, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Pseudomonas spp. and total psychrotrophs count (TPC)), and some microorganisms were detected (Salmonella and Listeria spp.) without further confirmatory tests. TAC was counted on PCA (plate count agar) medium incubated at 37◦C for 48 h; fecal coliforms on MacConkey sorbitol agar incubated at 42◦C for 48 h. Mesophilic yeasts and mold counts were performed on Sabouraud Chloramphenicol agar incubated at 25◦C for 7 days. S. aureus was counted on MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar) incubated at 37◦C for 48 h. LAB counts were also performed on MRS (De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe agar) and incubated at 37◦C for 48 h. Pseudomonas spp. counts were performed on Sabouraud Chloramphenicol agar incubated at 4◦C for 14 days. TPCs were counted on a blood base agar medium incubated at 4◦C for 7 days. Microbial counts were expressed as the logarithm of the colony forming units per gram of the sample.
Ameliorative effect of nanocurcumin on Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse mastitis by oxidative stress suppression
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2022
Subramaniyam Suresh, Palanisamy Sankar, Ramya Kalaivanan, Avinash Gopal Telang
For selection of the inoculation dose of S. aureus, we conducted a preliminary study. Briefly, 20 lactating mice were divided into 4 groups. The offspring was removed 1–2 h prior to experiment and intramammary inoculation was done with different inoculum size (CFU) as described earlier by Brouillette et al.[18] After 24 h of inoculation, all the mice were euthanized. Mammary gland was examined grossly for inflammatory changes and collected aseptically. It was homogenized in 1 mL of sterile PBS. The bacterial counts (CFU) were done by plating 100 µl of samples on mannitol salt agar. If the CFU was too high to count, further serial logarithmic dilutions were made. Based on these observations an inoculum size of 3 × 102 CFU/100 µl was selected for further studies.
Assays and enumeration of bioaerosols-traditional approaches to modern practices
Published in Aerosol Science and Technology, 2020
Maria D. King, Ronald E. Lacey, Hyoungmook Pak, Andrew Fearing, Gabriela Ramos, Tatiana Baig, Brooke Smith, Alexandra Koustova
A standard method for enumerating bacteria from a sample after collection is to inoculate a small portion on either Luria-Bertani or tryptic soy agar (Missiakas and Schneewind 2013; Novoa Rama et al. 2018). A study completed to compare different agar types for the drug resistant pathogen Staphylococcus aureus found that TSA had a higher recovery of S. aureus colonies, after being aerosolized, compared to mannitol salt agar, CHROMagar, Chapman stone medium, and Baird–Park agar (Chang and Wang 2015). Usually, serial dilutions are plated (Mitsuboshi et al. 2016) and incubated at ∼30 °C for 2 days (Gutarowska et al. 2015) or at 37 °C for 1 day (Chuang et al. 2013), depending on the rate of colony growth (Chuang et al. 2013). Optimal incubation time and temperature are culture-specific. One study found that after 3 h of incubation, the CFU count of Lactococcus lactis was smaller than at lower temperatures. However, after 3–12 h the colony count was larger at the lower temperature (Yang and Moon 2018). In another study, E. coli was incubated at 37 °C for only 16 h (Huang et al. 2018).