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Deposition of Aerosol Particles in Human Respiratory System
Published in Katarzyna Majchrzycka, Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection, 2020
The total lung capacity is the maximum amount of air, which lungs can store (Figure 2.8). The tidal volume is not the same as the total lung capacity, because it consists of lung volume and forced vital capacity (FVC). The lung volume is the amount of air that cannot be removed from the lungs no matter the force of the exhalation. During the forced exhalation, not all of the air is pushed out of the lungs. For an average male, this volume can be between 1000 and 15,000 ml. The FVC, in turn, corresponds with the maximum amount of air introduced into the lungs and removed from them during one full inhalation–exhalation cycle. This value can reach from 3500 to 4500 ml. The cause behind the possibility of an increase in tidal volume to such a level is the existence of inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume during the calm breathing.
Basic Chemical Hazards to Human Health and Safety — I
Published in Jack Daugherty, Assessment of Chemical Exposures, 2020
Emphysema is the gradual destruction of the alveolar septa, causing a loss in elasticity. Most of the adult human population has slight emphysema anyway, yet no functional impairment is noticed. As emphysema progresses, whether due to attack by chemicals or for other reasons, serious and life-threatening reduction of lung capacity becomes apparent. Once emphysema is apparent its effects are irreversible.
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Published in Splinter Robert, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Applied and Engineering Physics, 2017
[biomedical, fluid dynamics] The total volume of gas filling the lungs at completion of a maximum inspiration. Total lung capacity and other tidal breathing parameters can be measured with a spirometer. (seerespiration) (see Figure T.72).
Manubrio-sternal joint mobility during forced ventilation using non-invasive opto-electronic plethysmography: cases studies
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
L. Gaillard, L. Debraux, N. Houel
Recently, measurements of sternal angle on 12 asymptomatic subjects’ retrospective codified spiral-CT data (Beyer et al. 2017) showed MSJ variations. Subjects were on a supine position and conventional spirometry was added to monitor three states: Total Lung Capacity (TLC), Middle of Inspiratory Capacity (MIC) and Functional Residual Capacity (FRC). MSJ variations mean value from TLC to FRC was 4.4° ± 2.7°. The main limitation of this study is the invasive use of scanner that uses ionising rays.