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Published in Samuel C. Sugarman, HVAC Fundamentals, 2020
laminar flow cabinet: (Environmentally Controlled Area) A clean bench or biological safety cabinet that uses smooth directional airflow to capture and carry away airborne particles. The laminar flow cabinet is not considered a laboratory fume hood.
Testing and Balancing Fume Hood Systems
Published in Samuel C. Sugarman, Testing and Balancing HVAC Air and Water Systems, 2020
Laminar Flow Cabinet: A clean bench or biological safety cabinet that uses smooth directional air flow to capture and carry away airborne particles. The laminar flow cabinet is not considered a laboratory fume hood.
Carbon-based materials for water disinfection and heavy metals removal
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
José R.M. Barbosa, A. Sofia G.G. Santos, A. T. Viana, Alexandra G. Gonçalves, Olga C. Nunes, M. Fernando R. Pereira, O. Salomé G.P. Soares
A Omnifit® column (Merck) with a radius of 0.5 cm was used in continuous assays. The nanocomposites and CFs were sterilized at 160°C for 2 h, except for CF-CAS because this material could lose its active phase (casein) by protein denaturation (78°C for casein, [60]) in these sterilization conditions. The established conditions for continuous system assays were a fixed bed (LFB) of 1 cm (700 mg of nanocomposites or 300 mg of CFs) and a contact time with the material of 1 min (tC). To achieve these conditions, firstly the fixed bed volume (VFB) and the flow rate () were determined by equations (1) and (2), corresponding to 0.8 mL min−1. The volume of suspension to treat (VS) was determined by equation (3), wherein tOP is the total time of operation (180 min), and the obtained value was 144 mL. The continuous system (Figure 1) was operated inside a laminar flow cabinet (Class II Microbiological Safety Cabinet Bio II Advance Plus, Telstar®). Briefly, the feed suspension was maintained in a Schott flask and pumped (ISMATEC®) to the Omnifit® column reactor through PTFE tubes. The treated suspension was collected in another Schott flask.
Enhanced biosorption of transition metals by living Chlorella vulgaris immobilized in Ca-alginate beads
Published in Environmental Technology, 2019
Ashfaq Ahmad, A. H. Bhat, Azizul Buang
Microalgal strain C. vulgaris were collected from the Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), Kg Acheh, Lumut, Malaysia. C. vulgaris were cultured in sterilized freshwater, enriched with Conway medium prepared as follows (g) [32]: Mineral solution in 1 L – NaNO3 100, Disodium EDTA 45, H3BO3 33.6, NaH2PO44H2O 20, FeCl3 6H2O 1.30, MnCl24H2O 0.36; Trace metal solution in 100 mL – ZnCl2 2.10, CoCl2.6H2O 2, (NH4)6MO7O2.4H2O 0.90, CuSO4.5H2O 2, and vitamin solution in 1000 mL -Thiamine chlorohydrate, B1 0.2 and Cyanocobalamin, B12 0.01 in 100 mL and KNO3 116 g. Media in culture flasks were autoclaved at 121°C, for 15 min and the complete transfer of media and culture took place in an aseptic environment in a laminar flow cabinet. Microalgae were cultured at a control condition of 7 ppt NaCl, pH 8, constant orbital shaker at 120 rpm at a 25 ± temperature and 12 h: 12 h light: dark by using Philips Fluorescent tubes of 4000 lux intensity for 18 days. The glassware and media supplements were sterilized by using autoclave at 121°C for 15 mins. The medium was added at sterilizing condition under a laminar flow cabinet. The experiments were run in triplicate to get average results for both the culture and control media.
Synthesis and characterization of photopolymerizable triblocks for 3D printing tissue engineering scaffolds
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2018
Two different scaffold designs and a film were used for characterization and cell culturing in this research. The first scaffold architecture was a grid pattern of 0°/90° (Figure 3(a)), whereas the second scaffold design was a hexagonal pore shape pattern (Figure 3(b)). The 0°/90° grid patterns are popular in the literature but mostly were built by material extrusion with 0° strips in one layer and 90° strips in another. Our exposure approach can achieve 0°/90° grid in the same layer with better structural stability within the layer. On the other hand, the hexagonal pattern, well known in honeycomb, has advantages in structural strength and space efficiency, and hence is also considered in this study. Both designs offset the pattern in alternating layers to achieve smaller resulting pores and to create structures with porous interconnected networks suitable for cell proliferation. The strip width and fill gap were set to be 300 and 1500 μm, respectively, and the resultant pore size after offsetting would be around 600 μm, calculated by (fill gap-strip width)/2. While ideal pore sizes vary for different cells and tissues, studies have shown that pores in the 300–800 μm range yield successful bone growth (Murphy and O’Brien 2010). Three-layered scaffolds with each layer thickness of 200 μm were fabricated for cell culture. After photo-cross-linking, the scaffolds were rinsed in acetone to flush away any uncured resin. All scaffolds were dried in a 40 °C oven for 12 h and then left to dry out in a laminar flow cabinet for 12 h.