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Paediatrics
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Transient synovitis is a benign, self-limiting hip disorder. Peak age of incidence is four to ten years, with males more commonly affected than females. Clinical presentation usually suggests the diagnosis of transient synovitis and consists of a limp that develops rapidly over 1–2 days, often following a history of a recent viral illness and mild fever. Transient synovitis usually settles with bed rest, and imaging usually is not required. Radiographs, if performed, are usually normal. If imaging is required, US is the investigation of choice to diagnose a joint effusion.
Overuse wrist injuries in adolescent platform and springboard divers
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2023
Cici Zhang, Si Shen, Lin Qiu, Liqin Wang, Xuwen Zeng, Quan Zhou
Image analysis: Two radiologists with at least 8 years of experience in musculoskeletal imaging evaluated all images independently. The radiologists were blinded to the study groups. In cases of disagreements, the findings were discussed until a consensus was reached. The following injuries were evaluated: epiphyseal plate injury, ligament lesion, joint effusion, BME, subchondral osteosclerosis, triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury, intraosseous ganglion, and bursae around the wrist. The diagnostic criteria were as follows: Epiphyseal plate injury – irregular widening of the epiphyseal plate or sclerosis may occur on both sides of the epiphysis and metaphysis with abnormal signals in multiple sequences.Ligament lesion – rupture or changes in the thickness with abnormal signals in multiple sequences.Joint effusion – fluid in the intra-articular space, classified as a small, moderate, or large amount.BME – increased signal intensity in the STIR-weighted sequences when compared with the adjacent bone.Subchondral osteosclerosis–low signal in T1- and STIR-weighted sequences.TFCC injury – fluid signal intensity extending through the disc or ligament on coronal T2-weighted or gradient echo sequences.Bursae around the wrist – collection of synovial fluid around the tendon or ligament. The signal is the same as that of joint effusion.Intraosseous ganglion – solitary, circular, intraosseous cystic lesions that are hypointense periarticular on T1-weighted imaging and hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging.