China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Soft Tissue Replacements
Published in Joseph D. Bronzino, Donald R. Peterson, Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals, 2019
K. B. Chandran, K. J. L. Burg, and S. W. Shalaby
Endoluminal approaches to treating vascular disease involve the insertion of a prosthetic device into the vasculature through a small, oen percutaneous, access site created in a remote vessel, followed by the intraluminal delivery and deployment of a prosthesis via transcatheter techniques (Veith et al., 1995). In contrast to conventional surgical therapies for vascular disease, the use of transluminally placed endovascular prostheses are distinguished by their “minimally invasive” nature. Because these techniques do not require extensive surgical intervention, they have the potential to simplify the delivery of vascular therapy, improve procedural outcomes, decrease procedural costs, reduce morbidity, and broaden the patient population that may benet from treatment. Not surprisingly, endoluminal therapies have generated intense interest within the vascular surgery, interventional radiology, and cardiology communities over recent years.
Glossary of scientific and technical terms in bioengineering and biological engineering
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Scientific and Technical Terms in Bioengineering and Biological Engineering, 2018
Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a form of radiation therapy used in interventional radiology to treat cancer. It is generally for selected patients with un-resectable cancers, those that cannot be treated surgically, especially hepatic cell carcinoma or metastasis to the liver.
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen: The Discovery of X-rays and the Creation of a New Medical Profession
Published in Paolo Russo, Handbook of X-ray Imaging, 2017
In the last two decades, however, the practice of diagnostic radiology has been transformed almost beyond recognition. The technical advances in diagnostic radiology have transformed clinical practice, and have been nothing short of astonishing. The subject of diagnostic radiology is now very large, and radiology departments are involved in all areas of modern patient care (Thomas et al., 2005). The developments in radiology have been the result of a fruitful interaction between the basic sciences, clinical medicine, and the manufacturers. We now have interventional radiology, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and hybrid technologies like PET-CT and PET-MRI.
Electromagnetic tracking of endoscopic ultrasound probe for pancreas examination: accuracy assessment under realistic medical conditions
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
Jean-Paul Mazellier, Cindy Rolland, Emilie Wernert, Julieta Montanelli, Alexandre Hostettler, Lee Swanstrom, Benoit Gallix, Leonardo Sosa Valencia, Toby Collins, Nicolas Padoy
Here it has first to be emphasised that, due to our EM tracking system, particular care has been paid to limit environmental perturbations. Indeed, these are known to limit EM sensor accuracy with regard to manufacturer specification. These specifications are obtained in perfectly controlled situation with no interfering metal parts nearby EM sensor, which is not the case in medical examination room or in our case due to the vicinity of sensor to EUS probe. We used our system in radio-compatible conditions by performing navigation on interventional radiology surgery tables, used as examination table, because their core is made of carbon fibre and not bare metal. Carbon fibre is much less prone to induce EM perturbation compared to metal parts and thus is more suited for our application. Note that this constraint is, however, compatible with a realistic clinical workflow where a significant number of patients may undergo ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) which involves X-ray imaging and thus requires the use of a radio compatible examination bed. Such beds are then available in EUS examination centres. We also pointed out that the EM tracker is attached on top of the EUS probe. We could have placed EM tracker in EUS flexible user channel, but this option presented the disadvantage of introducing a much larger error in EM tracking and furthermore, such configuration would have impeded any biopsy during the EUS examination which in turn would have significantly reduced the interest in providing a guidance tool for EUS procedures.
An update on locoregional percutaneous treatment technologies in colorectal cancer liver metastatic disease
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Stavros Spiliopoulos, Ornella Moschovaki-Zeiger, Akshay Sethi, George Festas, Lazaros Reppas, Dimitris Filippiadis, Nikolaos Kelekis
Due to the pathophysiology of CLC, about half of the patients present with concomitant liver or other organ metastases at the time of diagnosis and the majority of these lesions are deemed not amenable for surgical resection [5]. The development of image-guided, interventional radiology techniques offer locoregional tumor control via percutaneous and endovascular means, without the need for surgery and therefore could play a significant role in the patients’ quality of life and overall survival. The liver is the most common site of metastases, with an approximately 20% incidence of synchronous metastases present at the time of diagnosis. This percentage is elevating during the course of the disease depending on histological subtype, location and stage of the disease [6,7]. While surgical resection remains the gold standard curative option with 5-year survival rates as high as 58%, unfortunately, only 20% of the patients are considered surgical candidates at the time of diagnosis [8,9]. Criteria for inoperability include severe comorbidities, poor performance status, extent of liver disease (number of liver metastases, absence of future liver remnant and liver function) and unfavorable location of metastases (mainly close proximity to important structures) [10].
Recent advancements in the minimally invasive management of esophageal perforation, leaks, and fistulae
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Shirin Siddiqi, Dean P. Schraufnagel, Hafiz Umair Siddiqui, Michael J. Javorski, Adam Mace, Abdulrhman S. Elnaggar, Haytham Elgharably, Patrick R. Vargo, Robert Steffen, Saad M. Hasan, Siva Raja
The principles for all these endoscopic treatment options are the same, regardless of the specific techniques or the defect. In a hemodynamically stable patient, whether it is a perforation, leak or fistula being closed, management starts with a multidisciplinary approach that involves collaboration between the department of surgery, interventional radiology, gastroenterology, and nutrition. A clinical suspicion of perforation, leak or fistula postoperatively should be immediately followed by the clinical investigation as a delay in diagnosis of these complications can be life-threatening. If the patient is hemodynamically stable, a contrast study should be carried out as soon as possible to confirm the presence of these complications. Based on the size of the defect and the quality of tissue surrounding the defect, the endoscopic management or minimally invasive surgery should be decided. If a fluid collection is detected, EVAC or CT guided drainage combined with another endoscopic closure technique (clips, stents, sutures, or tissue sealants) may be the future of management. It is critical to study the adequacy of the closure of the defect not only during the procedure but afterward as well.