China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Published in Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White, Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White
The spine is flexible tube containing and protecting the cauda equina and at the same time provides a stable base for the locomotor system. Two adjacent vertebrae, the intervening disc, the upper and lower facet joints form a spinal motion segment called a functional spinal unit (FSU). The FSU is surrounded by ligaments, the joint capsule, and muscles. All these structures stabilize the spine. Every FSU provides flexibility but is also a weak point where trauma and degenerative processes can lead to changes impinging on the spinal canal and its neural content.
Contribution of injured posterior ligamentous complex and intervertebral disc on post-traumatic instability at the cervical spine
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2020
Marie-Hélène Beauséjour, Yvan Petit, Jeremy Hagen, Pierre-Jean Arnoux, Jean-Marc Mac Thiong, Eric Wagnac
In vitro studies have proposed stability criteria based on the comparison of pre- and post-trauma flexibility (Goel et al. 1984; White and Panjabi 1990). At the cervical spine, the changes in angular and horizontal displacement prior to failure in flexion and extension was evaluated in vitro by reducing the disco-ligamentous elements sequentially from the anterior or posterior (White et al. 1975). However, specimens of only one functional spinal unit (FSU) were used. The impact of sequential removal of NL, ISL and facet capsules (FC) at C5-C6 on rotation at C4-C5 and C5-C6 was evaluated in all three anatomical planes using C2-T2 segments but only up to 0.3 Nm (Goel et al. 1984). One study tested the impact of sequential disco-ligamentous injuries at C5-C6 inflicted from the anterior on the neutral zone and range of motion (ROM) (Richter et al. 2000). Another study evaluated the effect of discectomy, anterior fixation and the subsequent progressive disruption of the PLC on the intervertebral ROM (Pitzen et al. 2003), but little is known about the contribution of the PLC versus the IVD in flexion-distraction type injuries on spinal stability at the cervical spine.