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Diagnostic Devices
Published in Laurence J. Street, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Technology, 2023
Some of the parameters of interest are (note that specific terms and abbreviations may vary): ERV—expiratory reserve volume—The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled starting from the low point of the normal breathing cycle.FEV1—forced expiratory volume in 1 s—The volume of air exhaled in the first second of a forced vital capacity (FVC) test.FEV1/FVC—The ratio of these two values, as a percentage.FRC—functional residual capacity—The amount of air left in the lungs at the end of normal resting breath.FVC—The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled in a single breath, with full effort.IC—inspiratory capacity—The maximum volume of air that can be taken into the lungs in a full inhalation, starting from the low point of the breathing cycle; IC is equal to the tidal volume (VT) plus the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV).IRV—The maximum amount of air that can be inhaled from the end-inspiratory position, starting from the high point of the breathing cycle.MV—minute ventilation (also called total volume)—The total volume of air exhaled from the lungs per minute.MVV—maximum voluntary ventilation (maximum breathing capacity)—The greatest volume of air that can be breathed per minute by voluntary effort.RV—residual volume—The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal exhalation.TLC—total lung capacity—The amount of air contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inhalation.VC—vital capacity—The volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a maximal inhalation; equal to IC plus ERV.VT—The volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during one breathing cycle.
Diagnostic Devices
Published in Laurence J. Street, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Technology, 2016
Some of the parameters of interest are (note that specific terms and abbreviations may vary): ERV—expiratory reserve volume—The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled starting from the low point of the normal breathing cycle.FEV1—forced expiratory volume in 1 s—The volume of air exhaled in the first second of an forced vital capacity (FVC) test.FEV1/FVC—The ratio of these two values, as a percentage.FRC—functional residual capacity—The amount of air left in the lungs at the end of normal resting breath.FVC—The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled in a single breath, with full effort.IC—inspiratory capacity—The maximum volume of air that can be taken into the lungs in a full inhalation, starting from the low point of the breathing cycle; IC is equal to the tidal volume (VT) plus the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV).IRV—The maximum amount of air that can be inhaled from the end-inspiratory position, starting from the high point of the breathing cycle.MV—minute ventilation (also called total volume)—The total volume of air exhaled from the lungs per minute.MVV—maximum voluntary ventilation (maximum breathing capacity)—The greatest volume of air that can be breathed per minute by voluntary effort.RV—residual volume—The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximal exhalation.TLC—total lung capacity—The amount of air contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inhalation.VC—vital capacity—The volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after a maximal inhalation; equal to IC plus ERV.VT—The volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during one breathing cycle.
Chronic iliofemoral vein obstruction – an under-recognized cause of exercise limitation‡
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2018
Michael J. Segel, Ronen Reuveny, Jacob Luboshitz, Dekel Shlomi, Issahar Ben-Dov
The median time that elapsed between diagnosis of DVT and cardiopulmonary exercise testing was 36 months but covered a wide range (3 months to 14 years, Table I-S). Patients and normal subjects are compared in Table I. There was no significant difference in age, height and body weight between the two groups. IFVO patients had a no significant obstructive lung defects as reflected by normal FEV1: FVC ratios; no significant restriction as reflected by normal total lung capacity (TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC); and normal or mildly reduced DLCO (68–101% of predicted) (Macintyre et al., 2005). Lung function was not significantly different between the two groups.
Animal models and mechanisms of tobacco smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2023
Priya Upadhyay, Ching-Wen Wu, Alexa Pham, Amir A. Zeki, Christopher M. Royer, Urmila P. Kodavanti, Minoru Takeuchi, Hasan Bayram, Kent E. Pinkerton
Pulmonary function testing used to define COPD in animals involves measuring various parameters related to lung function, including forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), lung compliance, resistance, functional residual capacity (FRC), and total lung capacity (TLC) (Bailey 2012). These parameters are measured using a variety of techniques, including plethysmography, spirometry, and forced oscillation techniques. By measuring these parameters, investigators are able to assess the extent of airway obstruction, inflammation, and other features associated with COPD in animals.
Manubrio-sternal joint mobility during forced ventilation using non-invasive opto-electronic plethysmography: cases studies
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
L. Gaillard, L. Debraux, N. Houel
Recently, measurements of sternal angle on 12 asymptomatic subjects’ retrospective codified spiral-CT data (Beyer et al. 2017) showed MSJ variations. Subjects were on a supine position and conventional spirometry was added to monitor three states: Total Lung Capacity (TLC), Middle of Inspiratory Capacity (MIC) and Functional Residual Capacity (FRC). MSJ variations mean value from TLC to FRC was 4.4° ± 2.7°. The main limitation of this study is the invasive use of scanner that uses ionising rays.