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Virtual Reality in Orthopedic Rehabilitation
Published in Christopher M. Hayre, Dave J. Muller, Marcia J. Scherer, Virtual Reality in Health and Rehabilitation, 2020
Aliaa Rehan Youssef, Mohammed Gumaa
Fibromyalgia is a challenging generalized musculoskeletal disease of an unknown etiology. Treatment aims to improve patients' quality of life (QoL). This could be achieved using a multidisciplinary approach, especially pharmacological treatment and exercises. Specifically, aerobic conditioning and strength training have been recommended as corner stones in improving patients' symptoms. Further, the importance of encouraging patient's active participation and cognitive behavioral therapy are well emphasized (Hauser et al., 2017; Macfarlane et al., 2017). Thus, it would be expected that generalized amusing exergaming programs could positively impact patients' life. This has been proven in a few studies that compared VR exergaming to regular physical activities. In these studies, VR rehabilitation was given for a period ranging between 8 and 24 weeks. The aim of treatment was to improve physical performance and patient's daily physical activities by enhancing postural control and coordination, aerobic conditioning, strength and mobility as well as balance.
Nanotherapeutics: Enabling Vitamin D3 as a Multifaceted Nutraceutical
Published in Bhupinder Singh, Minna Hakkarainen, Kamalinder K. Singh, NanoNutraceuticals, 2019
Krantisagar S. More, Vinod S. Ipar, Amit S. Lokhande, Anisha A. D’souza, Padma V. Devarajan
Fibromyalgia syndrome is a common chronic musculoskeletal disorder, characterized by the presence of widespread pain and multiple tender points on physical examination. There has been accumulating evidence that chronic pain is associated with changes in brain anatomy, particularly related to a decrease in the gray matter in chronic patients. The central sensitization of nociceptive neurons in the dorsal horn is because of the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartic (NMDA) acid receptors and the resultant triggering of pain appears to be the cause of hypersensitivity to pain. The distribution of 1,25(OH)2D receptor (VDR), and 1a-hydroxylase (1α-OHase), activates anti-inflammatory events in the brain, which reduces hypersensitivity to pain and inflammation (Jesus et al., 2013; Karras et al., 2016; Mpandzou et al., 2016).
Clinical Effects of Pollution
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
According to Kuchinad et al.,113 fibromyalgia is a disorder of unknown etiology that is characterized by chronic widespread pain and often accompanied by a variety of other symptoms, including sleep impairment, chronic fatigue, affective disturbances, and altered stress responses.196 Although the disorder has been dismissed by many physicians as purely psychological, recent neuroimaging studies show alterations in sensory processing197 and neurochemical abnormalities,198 indicating that fibromyalgia is associated with alterations in the brain's neural functioning.
A comprehensive summary of disease variants implicated in metal allergy
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2022
Although many of the underlying mechanisms responsible for fibromyalgia remain unknown, it is well-accepted that inflammatory responses play a critical role in disease pathogenesis (Bellato et al. 2012). Interestingly, these inflammatory mechanisms appear closely associated with metal-induced allergic inflammation in many individuals (Patten, Schultz, and Berlau 2018; Sluka and Clauw 2016). In one study of 15 female patients, all subjects diagnosed with fibromyalgia also exhibited contact sensitization to one or more metals (Stejskal, Ockert, and Bjørklund 2013). Sensitivity to Ni was most common in these subjects, followed by reactivity to inorganic Hg, Cd, and Pb, respectively. Subsequent avoidance of these metals was associated with notable improvement of symptoms, suggesting that allergic inflammation caused by metals is closely intertwined with disease presentations in fibromyalgia. Although the onset of disease was not able to be discerned in this study, it has been proposed that metal-induced ACD may precede development of fibromyalgia, thus, representing another variant of ASIA with specific relevance to metal allergy. Metal-induced inflammation involving non-allergic mechanisms was also demonstrated to be a potential trigger of ASIA. Gadolinium, Al, Ni and silicon exposures were associated with subsequent development of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome in a sensitization-independent manner (Colafrancesco et al. 2014; Exley et al. 2009; Kötter et al. 1995; Lattanzio 2019; Lattanzio and Imbesi 2020; Stejskal 2014).
Zumba dancing and aerobic exercise can improve working memory, motor function, and depressive symptoms in female patients with Fibromyalgia
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2020
Ebrahim Norouzi, FatemehSadat Hosseini, Mohammad Vaezmosavi, Markus Gerber, Uwe Pühse, Serge Brand
Fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome is a chronic disorder characterized by muscular tenderness, pain and cognitive difficulties (Bidonde et al., 2018; Galvez, Reyes, & Duschek, 2018; Glass, 2006). The global mean prevalence of FM in the general population is 2.7%, with a female-to-male ratio of 3:1, and the diagnosis is most often made in middle age (Sosa et al., 2017). Compared to the general population, patients with FM have higher odds of premature death due to suicide or accident (Wolfe, Hassett, Walitt, & Michaud, 2011), outcomes attributable to a higher lifetime prevalence of depression, anxiety and other psychiatric disorders (Dreyer, Kendall, Danneskiold, Bartels, & Bliddal, 2010). In line with this, research has shown that people with FM generally have a greater overall health status burden than patients with other pain conditions that are accepted as being burdensome (Hoffman & Dukes, 2008).
Effect of fully immersive virtual reality treatment combined with exercise in fibromyalgia patients: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Assistive Technology, 2020
C. Gulsen, F. Soke, K. Eldemir, Y. Apaydin, C. Ozkul, A. Guclu-Gunduz, D. T. Akcali
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating syndrome characterized by chronic widespread pain and tender points in muscles and soft tissues (Wolfe et al., 2010). Other symptoms often include fatigue, somatosensory impairments, and disturbances in sleep, cognition, and mood. With the effect of these symptoms, patient’s quality of life may decrease, and physical and psychosocial disability may occur (Kösehasanoğulları et al., 2019). Compared with healthy subjects, FM patients are less physically active, they have significantly lower perceived functional ability and they demonstrate worsened physical performance (McLoughlin et al., 2011). As a result of these impaired physical fitness, FM patients tend to have a sedentary lifestyle that worsens symptoms and increases the risks of additional morbidity (Bidonde et al., 2017). Exercise training is an effective and low-cost non-pharmacological management strategy of FM. Exercise is known to enhance feelings of “energy” and improves the quality of life, cognitive function, anxiety, depression, pain, sleep quality, and stress responses (Busch et al., 2011). Previous researches demonstrated that combined exercise programs have more positive effects compared to single type of exercises in FM (Okifuji et al., 2016; Sañudo et al., 2010). Exercise programs including flexibility training, strength maintenance, endurance, and aerobic conditioning are accepted as a standard treatment protocol in FM (Okifuji et al., 2016; Winkelmann et al., 2017). There is a growing evidence and strong recommendation of using aerobic and strengthening training together for FM treatment (Macfarlane et al., 2017).