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Gastrointestinal tract and salivary glands
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
The most common symptom is the relationship between the eating of food followed by the rapid swelling of the affected salivary gland(s). The pain may be acute or chronic and the extent of swelling can be generalised, recurrent or discrete. The sialogram can differentiate between obstructive sialadenitis, autoimmune sialadenitis and sialosis. Another large group of patients who are referred for sialography are those who present with a dry mouth. It is also important to remember that the presence of a dry mouth may be the result of number of clinical conditions, which include autoimmune diseases, drug therapy and a history of previous radiotherapy.
Chitin and Chitosan and Their Polymers
Published in Abdullah Al-Mamun, Jonathan Y. Chen, Industrial Applications of Biopolymers and their Environmental Impact, 2020
Md. Saifur Rahaman, Jahid M.M. Islam, Md. Serajum Manir, Md. Rabiul Islam, Mubarak A. Khan
Low pH (acidic) in the body is the reason for almost all oral degenerative diseases, including tooth decay. People with a dry mouth syndrome experience mouth acidity caused by saliva thickening or drying up because of dehydration. Chitosan-thioglycolic-mercaptonicotinamide conjugates manifested improved swelling and cohesive characteristics compared with unmodified chitosan, and were promising for therapy of dry mouth syndrome, in which the necessary conditions are mucoadhesiveness and lubrication of the mucosa [161].
Radioprotective effect of melatonin against flattening filter-free irradiation-induced rat parotid gland damage
Published in Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, 2021
Serhat Aras, Ihsan Oguz Tanzer, Seyhan Karacavus, Neslihan Sayir, Esra Erdem, Fatih Hacimustafaoglu, Ceren Ezgi Erdogan, Tansel Sapmaz, Turkan Ikizceli, Halime Hanim Pence, Kursad Nuri Baydili, Tolga Katmer
Cancer is a disease significantly decreasing patient survival and quality of life. Treatment of cancer consists of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy being applied in a coordinated manner. Radiotherapy is still the most prevalent modality in cancer treatment. Approximately 60% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy during their treatment (1). Radiotherapy aims to deliver the highest possible dose to the tumor while ensuring that the surrounding healthy tissue receives the lowest dose. In head and neck radiotherapy, healthy tissues, such as parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, which are not part of the planning target volume, are frequently affected by radiation. Dry mouth, which occurs due to the salivary gland being exposed to ionizing X-rays, can significantly affect patients’ quality of life caused by intraoral infections, dental caries, decreased taste sensation, swallowing and speech disorders (2,3).