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Effects of a Changing Climate on Freshwater and Marine Zooplankton
Published in Donat-P. Häder, Kunshan Gao, Aquatic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate, 2018
Craig E. Williamson, Erin P. Overholt
Many zooplankton use diapause to survive periods of suboptimal temperature, food, or predators. In C. finmarchicus, climate warming may lead to substantial reductions in the duration of diapause, which in turn may alter the dynamics of lipid metabolism that could reduce reproduction and increase mortality (Wilson et al. 2016). In colder environments, warmer water temperatures may shorten development times and increase the ability of some large Arctic marine copepods, such as C. hyperboreus to successfully reach diapause (Feng et al. 2018). Changes in the timing of diapause may in turn lead to exposure to suboptimal conditions due to asynchrony with seasonal abundance of food supplies and predator avoidance, creating strong pressures for evolutionary adaptation (Miller et al. 2018).
Effects of grazing on taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates of six tributary streams of the eastern shore of Lake Hövsgöl, Mongolia
Published in Inland Waters, 2022
Oyunchuluun Yadamsuren, Suvdtsetseg Chuluunbat, Sanaa Enkhtaivan, Barbara Hayford, Clyde Goulden
The functional trait-based approach is based on the functional differences among the species in a community associated with habitat characteristics. The method has potential to reveal changes in communities due to disturbance and its underlying mechanisms (Dolédec et al. 1999, 2006, Zhang et al. 2013). Townsend and Hildrew (1994) made an a priori prediction (hypothesis) of expected species traits in terms of autecological interaction between organisms and their abiotic environment. The general prediction was that traits conferring population resilience (promoting refuge use and recolonization success, such as r-selected traits including many descendants per reproductive cycle, short generation time, small body size, short life span, parental care, or presence of relatively invulnerable life stages, asexual reproduction) or resistance (related to survival, such as firm attachment to substrates, high body flexibility, streamlined or flattened body form, dormancy or diapause, housing against desiccation) would be more common in temporally variable and spatially homogeneous habitats (Townsend and Hildrew 1994).
Advances in limnological research in Earth's drylands
Published in Inland Waters, 2020
Luciana Gomes Barbosa, Cihelio A. Amorim, Gema Parra, Jorge Laço Portinho, Manuela Morais, Eduardo A. Morales, Rosemberg Fernandes Menezes
Hulot et al. (2020) analyzed 30 salt pans in Zimbabwe to show how water level fluctuations can influence the aquatic communities and food web structure by the replacement or loss of species. They found seasonal changes in the food webs associated with the simplification of networks during the dry period. Among the main drivers of this change, a drastic water level reduction induced an increase of potential pollutants, mainly ammonium. In this regard, sublethal concentrations of toxicants (e.g., copper, ammonium, or cyanotoxins) affect traits related to sexual reproduction and diapause egg production, as well as genetic diversity, in several zooplankton species (Hairston et al. 1999, Liang et al. 2018). This point highlights the ecological and evolutionary consequences of the interactive effects of multiple stressors (e.g., pollutants, toxins, higher temperatures) on aquatic biodiversity (Aránguiz-Acuña and Pérez-Portilla 2017).