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Nanomaterials and Its Application as Biomedical Materials
Published in Savaş Kaya, Sasikumar Yesudass, Srinivasan Arthanari, Sivakumar Bose, Goncagül Serdaroğlu, Materials Development and Processing for Biomedical Applications, 2022
G.S. Mary Fabiola, P. Dhivya, M. Anto Simon Joseph
Cryosurgery is a unique technique when extreme cold derived from liquid nitrogen or argon gas is used in surgery to terminate unusual or damaged tissues. Cryosurgery is otherwise called freezing therapy, cryotherapy, or cryoablation and has been increasingly used due to the controlled annihilation of tumor tissue. But a major setback of cryosurgery is when the gases undergo deficit or inappropriate freezing as it fails to destroy the target tumor tissues, and the probability of regenesis of tumor is high and the rate of treatment often a failure. Another major drawback is that the surrounding healthy tissues/cells may suffer from serious injury due to the extreme coldness. Hence, a new strategy of inculcating nanomaterials—nano cryosurgery is invoked in biomedical applications to overcome the freezing efficiency of the traditional cryo-surgical procedure.
Problems with Explicit Solutions
Published in Vasilios Alexiades, Alan D. Solomon, Mathematical Modeling of Melting and Freezing Processes, 2018
Vasilios Alexiades, Alan D. Solomon
Cryosurgery is a means of destroying unwanted cells (tumors, etc.) by freezing and thawing. It is performed by bringing the tissue to be killed into contact with a cold source, ordinarily cooled by liquid Nitrogen. While the objective is to kill certain cells, it is equally important that the treatment not be lethal to neighboring, healthy cells. Thus the extent of freezing and lethality conditions are of primary interest.
Applications
Published in Raj P. Chhabra, CRC Handbook of Thermal Engineering Second Edition, 2017
Joshua D. Ramsey, Ken Bell, Ramesh K. Shah, Bengt Sundén, Zan Wu, Clement Kleinstreuer, Zelin Xu, D. Ian Wilson, Graham T. Polley, John A. Pearce, Kenneth R. Diller, Jonathan W. Valvano, David W. Yarbrough, Moncef Krarti, John Zhai, Jan Kośny, Christian K. Bach, Ian H. Bell, Craig R. Bradshaw, Eckhard A. Groll, Abhinav Krishna, Orkan Kurtulus, Margaret M. Mathison, Bryce Shaffer, Bin Yang, Xinye Zhang, Davide Ziviani, Robert F. Boehm, Anthony F. Mills, Santanu Bandyopadhyay, Shankar Narasimhan, Donald L. Fenton, Raj M. Manglik, Sameer Khandekar, Mario F. Trujillo, Rolf D. Reitz, Milind A. Jog, Prabhat Kumar, K.P. Sandeep, Sanjiv Sinha, Krishna Valavala, Jun Ma, Pradeep Lall, Harold R. Jacobs, Mangesh Chaudhari, Amit Agrawal, Robert J. Moffat, Tadhg O’Donovan, Jungho Kim, S.A. Sherif, Alan T. McDonald, Arturo Pacheco-Vega, Gerardo Diaz, Mihir Sen, K.T. Yang, Martine Rueff, Evelyne Mauret, Pawel Wawrzyniak, Ireneusz Zbicinski, Mariia Sobulska, P.S. Ghoshdastidar, Naveen Tiwari, Rajappa Tadepalli, Raj Ganesh S. Pala, Desh Bandhu Singh, G. N. Tiwari
All of the foregoing discussion has been devoted to cryopreservation, for which the objective is to maximize the survival of cells from the frozen state to ensure their living function after thawing. The antithesis of this work is cryosurgery, for which the objective is to maximize destruction of a target tissue in situ.226 Cryosurgery has long been practiced as an effective means for killing surface lesions, and recently it has been adopted more widely as a tool for treating internal tumors that are difficult to resect mechanically.227
The phase change thermoelastic analysis of biological tissue with variable thermal properties during cryosurgery
Published in Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2020
Xiaoya Li, Pengfei Luo, Qing-Hua Qin, Xiaogeng Tian
Knowledge of heat transfer in cancer is important to develop current treatment techniques, such as hyperthermia, thermal ablation, and cryosurgery. Among them, cryosurgery is to destroy the diseased tissue with an intense low temperature cryoprobe induced by liquid nitrogen. A successful cryosurgical treatment is based on understanding the temperature and stress distributions and how the freezing interface propagates into the tissue.