China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from Vegetable Oils and Their By-Products by Wild-Type and Recombinant Microbes
Published in Martin Koller, The Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates, 2020
Manoj Lakshmanan, Idris Zainab-L, Jiun Yee Chee, Kumar Sudesh
Besides C. necator H16, several other bacteria have been extensively employed as model platforms for obtaining PHA from plant oils, namely Burkholderia cepacia, Comamonas testosteroni and Pseudomonas putida. Alias and Tan [76] isolated B. cepacia from palm oil mill effluent (POME); a P(3HB) content of more than 50 wt.-% CDM was produced from palm oil. This bacterium, however, was only able to synthesize P(3HB) homopolymer from plant oil as the sole carbon source. The ability to synthesize P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer was investigated by Chee et al. [66,77] by co-feeding crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) and sodium valerate to Burkholderia sp. USM (JCM15050), and also by Zhu et al. [78,79] via continuous feeding of levulinic acid as a co-substrate together with xylose, which led to the production of P(3HB-co-3HV) by B. cepacia ATCC 17759.
Bioaugmentation to Remove Recalcitrant Pollutants in Industrial Wastewater
Published in Inamuddin, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Tariq Altalhi, Bioaugmentation Techniques and Applications in Remediation, 2022
L.P. Ananthalekshmi, Indu C. Nair, K. Jayachandran
Bioremediation methods involve a green approach and as its open ways for addressing the otherwise challenging issues in environmental pollution,they have been already implemented for field applications. Biostimulation with bioaugmentation could be coupled for bioremediation of diesel polluted seawater and petroleum hydrocarbons(Xue et al. 2021). Bioattenuation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from hydrocarbon polluted regions of petroleum sites was also being reported (Varjani 2017). After the bioattenuation,the organism was acclimatized to perform extended biodegradationparticularly of hydrocarbons from oily wastes (Varjani and Upasani 2021). The protection and preservation of oil-degrading bacteria play an important role in its bioremediation. A good protective agent increases the stability of the organism and often includes a specific percentage concentration of sucrose,trehalose,glycerin, andbeta cyclodextrin (Li et al. 2021a). Aromatic compounds including benzene,toluene,ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) were remediated using a combined mechanism of coupled biostimulation and bioaugmentation using a central composite design (Li et al. 2021b). Parabens,another recalcitrant compounds, were proved to be augmented by aerobic granular sludge systems (Argenta et al. 2021). Triclocarban and PAHs were degraded by a mechanism of combined bioaugmentation with electrobiostimulation (Bai et al. 2021). Bioaugmentation with Comamonas testosteroni was reported to accelerate pyridine degradation by activating monooxygenase enzyme (Zhu et al. 2021). Another important perspective of bioaugmentation was by exploring the chances of microbial genetic engineering for sake of degradation (Janssen and Stucki 2020). Mostly, PAHs undergo biotransformation by specific bacterial isolate, viz. Sphingomonas yanoikuyaeJAR02 degrading benzopyrene (Rentz, Alvarez, and Schnoor 2008) and Roseobacter degradingpyrene (Zhou et al. 2020).
Heavy Metal Contamination in Groundwater and Potential Remediation Technologies
Published in Vivek Kumar, Rhizomicrobiome Dynamics in Bioremediation, 2021
Yung Shen Lee, Peck Kah Yeow, Tony Hadibarata, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
According to Zhang et al. (2016), bioaugmentation is cheaper and eco-friendly in comparison to physico-chemical methods. This approach was developed to improve the process of biodegradation as some pollutants that pose high stability, toxicity or low biodegradability, bioavailability and water solubility tend to be resistant to biodegradation. One of the fundamental benefits of bioaugmentation is that the treatment can be altered to satisfy the needs of eliminating specific pollutants (Zhang et al. 2016). The most commonly appearing organic pollutants are 3-chloroaniline, 4-fluotoaniline, quinoline, pyridine, cyanide and naphthalene. They can be cured by specific bioaugmented bacteria such as Comamonas testosteroni, Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and many more together with the bioaugmentation medium. In the United States, the cost of treating groundwater with bioaugmentation method ranges from $30 to $100 per cubic meter. However, the incapability of pumping hydrophobic contaminants that are adsorbed to the aquifers marks up the remediation expenses. Bioaugmentation was modified to include chlorinated ethenes as electron acceptors into the process to undergo dehalorespiration. Another breakthrough was that dehalococcoides microorganisms are observed to be able to dechlorinate and reduce the metabolism of vinyl chloride to ethene (Abeysinghe et al. 2002, Liu et al. 2013). Bioaugmentation is widely applied to degrade chlorinated compounds, such as vinyl chloride and cis-1,2 dichloroethylene, faster and more completely compared to the natural microbial community. Based on research focusing on removal of synthetic dyes from groundwater, vast quantity of azo and anthraquinone components caused by cosmetics and textile industries were detected. In the beginning, the biodegradation method was imposed but anthraquinone-dyes were still detected after the treatment and were found to be toxic and resistant to biodegradation. At the same time, bioaugmentation was implemented with Sphingomonas xenophaga, where it has successfully removed anthraquinone-dyes from the wastewater. In general, bioaugmentation can undertake reductive dichlorination of chlorinated ethenes to the safe by-product ethene with the aid of dihydrocodeine. On the financial aspect, expenses on clean-up can be reduced as bioaugmentation is a sustainable technology that is capable of utilizing renewable materials such as soy oil, molasses, and lactate with the least energy expenditure. Besides, bioaugmentation can be extensively practiced in different aquifers as well as serious chlorine contaminated groundwater (Weyens et al. 2009, Fang et al. 2013, Payne et al. 2013).
Major environmental characteristics of swine husbandry that affect exposure to dust and airborne endotoxins
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2019
So-Jung Shin, Eun-Seob Song, Jae-Won Kim, Jae-Hee Lee, Ravi Gautam, Hyeon-Ji Kim, Yeon-Gyeong Kim, Ah-Rang Cho, Su-Jeong Yang, Manju Acharya, Chang-Yul Kim, Byung-Chul Lee, Chang-Han Kim, Hyeong-Geu Oh, Jung-Hoon Kwag, Dae-Hoon Yoon, Hyoung-Ah Kim, Yong Heo
Organic dust from indoor livestock confinement buildings contains feces, feathers, feeding and bedding materials, and microorganisms to which workers and animals are exposed through inhalation (Banhazi et al. 2008; Duchaine, Grimard, and Cormier 2000; Hamon, Andrés, and Dumont 2012; Hawley et al. 2015; Viegas et al. 2013). Inhalation of organic dust is implicated in occupational respiratory illnesses, collectively termed farmer’s lung (Castañeda et al. 2017; May, Romberger, and Poole 2012; Poole et al. 2015), with endotoxin being a major contributor to these diseases (Health Council of the Netherlands 2010; Herseth, Volden, and Bolling 2017). Sources of endotoxin in the indoor air of livestock farms in Korea include various Gram negative bacteria such as Acinobacter lwoffi, Acinobacter faecalis, Comamonas testosteroni, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Sphingomonas paucimo-bilis, and Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (Roque et al. 2016).
Selenium in soil-microbe-plant systems: Sources, distribution, toxicity, tolerance, and detoxification
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Anamika Kushwaha, Lalit Goswami, Jechan Lee, Christian Sonne, Richard J. C. Brown, Ki-Hyun Kim
It was observed that cloned SerA has a high similarity to T. selenatis and Dechloromonas (Wen et al., 2016). The reduction of SeO42− was investigated by enzyme periplasmic molybdenum oxidoreductase (SerT) with the aid of the aerobic bacteria Comamonas testosteroni S44 (Tan et al., 2018). Mesbahi-Nowrouzi and Mollania (2018) purified SeR from novel Alcaligenes sp. (isolated from Sabzevar, Iran) to prove the involvement of SeR in the biosynthesis of Se nanoparticles. Theisen and Yee (2014) studied SeO42− reduction with the facultative anaerobic bacterium Citrobacter freundii, demonstrating the involvement of the SeR gene ynfE, which may encode a molybdenum-binding Tat-secreted protein.