China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Role of Chitosan Nanotechnology in Biofuel Production
Published in Madan L. Verma, Nanobiotechnology for Sustainable Bioenergy and Biofuel Production, 2020
Meenu Thakur, Rekha Kushwaha, Madan L. Verma
In another study, Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB8052 immobilized in magnetite particles with chitosan, there was reported an increase in biohydrogen production (Seelert et al. 2015). Clostridium beijerinckii produces biohydrogen by anaerobic metabolism. The major problem is with low substrate conversion efficiency. Immobilization has increased stability and can be reused for up to seven batch cycles with 80% retained enzyme activity (Li et al. 2009). Different carbon sources have been optimized for biohydrogen production using Clostridium beijerinckii (Ghosh and Hallenbeck 2014). Limited studies have been performed using other matrices. A novel immobilization technique was evaluated using nanoparticle. Immobilization was based on layer by layer method which has resulted in increased accumulation of biohydrogen (Seelert et al. 2015). In this study, ethanol and acetate were major metabolites. It can form the basis for developing technology for commercial production.
Recent Advances in Consolidated Bioprocessing for Microbe-Assisted Biofuel Production
Published in Sonil Nanda, Prakash Kumar Sarangi, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Fuel Processing and Energy Utilization, 2019
Prakash Kumar Sarangi, Sonil Nanda
The acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation is carried out using anaerobic bacterium such as Clostridium acetobutylicum or Clostridium beijerinckii in a biphasic process involving acidogenesis and solventogenesis. Although the acidogenic phase involves the production of acids (e.g., acetic acid and butyric acid), the solventogenic phase is related to the accumulation of solvents (e.g., acetone, butanol, and ethanol). The ABE-producing bacteria can utilize both starchy and lignocellulosic substrates. However, the later must be hydrolyzed using a suitable pretreatment method (i.e., dilute acid and enzymatic hydrolysis). Different biomass such as wheat straw (Nanda et al. 2014a), rice straw (Gottumukkala et al. 2014), barley straw (Qureshi et al. 2010a), corn stover (Parekh et al. 1988; Qureshi et al. 2010b), corncobs and fibers (Guo et al. 2013), palm kernel cake (Shukor et al. 2014), cassava starch (Li et al. 2014a, 2014b), pinewood (Nanda et al. 2014a), timothy grass (Nanda et al. 2014a), switch grass (Qureshi et al. 2010b), and sago pith (Linggang et al. 2013) have been used as substrates for ABE fermentation.
Liquid–Liquid Equilibria: Experiments, Correlation and Prediction
Published in Anand Bharti, Debashis Kundu, Dharamashi Rabari, Tamal Banerjee, Phase Equilibria in Ionic Liquid Facilitated Liquid–Liquid Extractions, 2017
Anand Bharti, Debashis Kundu, Dharamashi Rabari, Tamal Banerjee
Bio-butanol is typically produced via acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation of renewable feedstock using various strains of Clostridium acetobutylicum (Fischer, Klein-Marcuschamer, & Stephanopoulos, 2008) or Clostridium beijerinckii (Ha, Mai, & Koo, 2010) in anaerobic conditions resulting in the production of butanol, acetone and ethanol in a proportion of 6:3:1. Bio-butanol obtained via the ABE fermentation process is now considered as a potential biofuel as it has many advantages over other fermentation-derived fuels including ethanol. High concentration of butanol (>10 g/L) inhibits microbial cell growth during fermentation (Garcia-Chavez, Garsia, Schuur, & de Haan, 2012); however, its removal reduces the effect of product inhibition and enables the conversion of the concentrated feed leading to a high productivity. Accordingly, in situ recovery of butanol from fermentation broth has gained considerable attention. Several techniques such as stripping, adsorption, liquid–liquid extraction, pervaporation and membrane solvent extraction have been investigated for removing butanol from a fermentation broth. Among these methods, liquid–liquid extraction has shown advantages over the others (Ha et al., 2010). Liquid–liquid extraction can be performed with high selectivity and is possible to carry out inside a fermenter. Several studies have been done for the extraction of alcohols from aqueous solutions using ILs (Chapeaux, Simoni, Ronan, Stadtherr, & Brennecke, 2008; Garcia-Chavez et al., 2012; Ha et al., 2010; Simoni, Chapeaux, Brennecke, & Stadtherr, 2010).
Novel fusants of two and three clostridia for enhanced green production of biobutanol
Published in Biofuels, 2021
Banafsheh Mohtasebi, Miranda Maki, Wensheng Qin, Yaser Dahman
Biobutanol can be produced by anaerobic fermentation of sugar components using various species of Clostridia. Cellulolytic and solveontogenic Clostridia species such as C. thermocellum, C. saccharobutylicum, C. cellulolyticum, and C. acetobutylicum are among the best-studied biomass-metabolizing bacteria which have a significant potential to produce sustainable biofuel via consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). Among them, Clostridium beijerinckii and Clostridium acetobuylicum are the best-known strains for butanol fermentation, which have the ability to produce solvents from carbohydrates via two-stage fermentation. The advantage of using these strains is related to their ability to utilize both hexose and pentose sugars available in biomass, compared to traditional ethanol-producing yeast strains that are incapable of utilizing lignocellulosic hydrolysate sugars [5].