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Electrospinning of Bio-Based Polymeric Nanofibers for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications
Published in Shrikaant Kulkarni, Neha Kanwar Rawat, A. K. Haghi, Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, 2020
Rinky Ghosh, Veereshgouda Shekharagouda Naragund, Neha Kanwar Rawat
Jayakumar et al. were reported the electrospun fibrous materials-chitosan/chitin based used for posttraumatic wound healing applications, tissue engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery [20, 21]. Chitosan/chitin possessed certain properties such as biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, high durability, micro-fluids absorption, biodegradability, and antimicrobial-antifungal activity, causing an accelerating effect on the wound healing rate. But major drawbacks associated with it using neat chitosan lies in its poor mechanical properties and loss of integrity in aqueous media restricted their applications in biomedical fields. To overcome these disadvantages of single-use electrospun polymer, researchers across the globe are more interested in the composite scaffolds to avoid fishnet effects and to promote cell proliferation and cell adhesion.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposites of Animal Origin
Published in Satya Eswari Jujjavarapu, Krishna Mohan Poluri, Green Polymeric Nanocomposites, 2020
Sweta Naik, Anita Tirkey, Satya Eswari Jujjavarapu
Nowadays, chitosan has gained more scientific attention in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems due to its tremendous biological properties. Chitosan shows excellent biological properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, anticarcinogenic, fungistatic, anticholesteremic, bacteriostatic, and hemostatic, etc. Depending upon their application and function, it can be used in various forms (Saikia, Gogoi, & Maji, 2015). Various forms of chitosan nanocomposite are illustrated in Figure 3.8 along with their preparation methods. For the selection of appropriate preparation methods, various factors need to be taken into account, such as kinetic profile, type of drug delivery system, particle size, bioactive agents, thermal and chemical stability, etc.
Biodegradability and Biocompatibility of Natural Polymers
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Abul K. Mallik, Md Shahruzzaman, Md Sazedul Islam, Papia Haque, Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
Chitosan is the second most copious natural polysaccharide next to cellulose that consists of β(1–4) linked D-glucosamine with randomly located N-acetylglucosamine groups (Figure 6.2) (Nair and Laurencin, 2007). Chitosan is soluble in water; however, chitin is insoluble in its native form. The biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity of chitosan make them strong candidate to use in tissue engineering, biosensors, oral administration in humans, drug delivery and wound healing, wastewater treatment, removal of heavy metals, food additives and so on (Duceppe and Tabrizian, 2010; Sezer and Cevher, 2012). Deacetylation of chitin to chitosan.
Development of chitosan-hyaluronic acid based hydrogel for local delivery of doxycycline hyclate in an ex vivo skin infection model
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2023
Komang Agus Rai Ardika, Ardiyah Nurul Fitri Marzaman, Kania Meliani Kaharuddin, Martrisna Dara Karnia Parenden, Aulia Karimah, Catlyea Ainun Musfirah, Ermina Pakki, Andi Dian Permana
In this study, the DOXY hydrogel system (DHs) was developed using Schiff base cross-linking method to obtain pH-responsive properties. Two derivatives of natural polysaccharides, namely chitosan and hyaluronic acid were used as the hydrogel precursors. Chitosan is a deacetylated derivative of chitin that has excellent antibacterial activity, tissue-adhesive and haemostatic properties, as well as being biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-antigenic [19, 20], but the poor solubility under physiological conditions greatly limits its further application. Thus, it is commonly modified in another form known as carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) [21–23]. On the other hand, hyaluronic acid is also widely developed due to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, gelation capacity and water retention properties. However, this polymer exhibits poor mechanical properties due to its rapid enzymatic degradation. To tackle the problem, it is usually modified to aldehyde hyaluronic acid (AHA) [24–26]. The hydrogel was obtained through the formation of Schiff base reaction between the amine group of CMC and the aldehyde group of AHA [27, 28]. Previous studies have reported that these polymers combination has yielded initial success as a hydrogel precursor for the treatment of bacterial infected wounds.
Essential oil-loaded chitosan/zinc (II) montmorillonite synergistic sustained-release system as antibacterial material
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Jinghui Zhan, Huayao Chen, Hongjun Zhou, Li Hao, Hua Xu, Xinhua Zhou
Meanwhile, Chitosan (CS) is a deacetylated derivative of chitin, with a weak positive charge. The structure of chitosan consists of β-(1–4) linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glycopyranose.[21] Because of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility, chitosan is widely used for preparing drug carriers.[22–24] Amino and hydroxyl groups were the chemically active groups in the polysaccharide chain of CS. Both of these groups could be easily modified to bestow metal-ion chelating (such as Zn2+) ability to CS.[25,26] The coordination of CS with Zn2+ weakened the adsorption of Zn2+ to TTO and reduced the ineffective adsorption of TTO. Moreover, as a cationic polymer, CS interacts with the oppositely charged substances (such as Mt) and exhibits interesting properties. Monvisade and Siriphannon[27] found that chitosan-intercalated Mt can improve the adsorption of some cationic dyes. El-Kousy et al.[28] have found that chitosan/montmorillonite composite material can quickly remove methylene blue from aqueous solution; Li et al.[29] used surface hydrophobic modification process and cross-linked Mt with chitosan as an iodine-removing agent.
A short review on chitosan and gelatin-based hydrogel composite polymers for wound healing
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Common hemostatic materials for wound healing applications have been reviewed. This review suggests that the polymer, P(AAm-co-AAc)/CS/CS-f-HNTs + Fe3+, is a novel nanocomposite hydrogel having 80 wt.% water content, 3.06 wt.% tensile strength, 47.6 MJ/m3 toughness, and 2015% tensile strain, which are the best mechanical properties in comparison to other synthetic polymers. Also, chitosan, being one of the most common biopolymers for wound healing, can be reinforced to ensure accelerated wound healing. Haven compared several improvement techniques, this review has shown that nano-cellulosic materials such as, cellulose nanofiber is capable of enhancing the tensile strength of chitosan by 104%. Other nanoparticles such as those of silver has been similarly shown to enhance the compressive strength and strain of hydrogels. So, hydrogel reinforcement with nanocellulose has opened a new opportunity for advanced wound healing applications.