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Reaction networks: introduction
Published in Christian Mazza, Michel Benaïm, Stochastic Dynamics for Systems Biology, 2016
Christian Mazza, Michel Benaïm
The central dogma of molecular biology is that the genetic information stored in DNA is used to produce mRNA molecules during transcription, which can then be translated into proteins during translation. The main actors of these two fundamental steps are RNA polymerases and ribosomes. The biochemical processes involved are highly complex, and our present understanding does not permit efficient mathematical modelling. The literature proposes extremely simplified mathematical models which permit us, however, to get insight on cellular processing; see, e.g., [98] where a whole-cell computational model of the life cycle of the human pathogen Mycoplasma genitalium provides information on previously unobserved cellular behaviours.
General Introductory Topics
Published in Vadim Backman, Adam Wax, Hao F. Zhang, A Laboratory Manual in Biophotonics, 2018
Vadim Backman, Adam Wax, Hao F. Zhang
From a functional perspective, the central dogma of molecular biology is that as a result of gene transcription by an RNA polymerase, which reads out a DNA sequence, messenger RNA (mRNA) is produced. mRNA diffuses through the nucleus and into the cytoplasm through a nuclear pore. In the cytoplasm, mRNA is translated by a ribosome, which is essentially a protein assembly machine. In addition, ribosomes are being assembled in the nucleolus. This, of course, is a highly generalized and simplified chain of events. Multiple regulatory pathways control and modulate these processes.
Nanostructured Cellular Biomolecules and Their Transformation in Context of Bionanotechnology
Published in Anil Kumar Anal, Bionanotechnology, 2018
DNA is organized into genes that regulate protein synthesis utilizing RNA as a mediator. The genetic information in DNA acts as a template for mRNA synthesis, which further acts as a template for protein synthesis. This interrelationship between DNA, RNA, and protein is known as central dogma in molecular biology.
A Comprehensive Literature of Genetics Cryptographic Algorithms for Data Security in Cloud Computing
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2023
Ozgu Can, Fursan Thabit, Asia Othman Aljahdali, Sharaf Al-Homdy, Hoda A. Alkhzaimi
The authors recommended (Thabit, Alhomdy, and Jagtap 2021) this article employs a unique set of cryptographic algorithms to boost cloud computing security by utilizing two layers of encryption. The first layer is influenced by Shannon’s theory of diffusion and confusion by dividing the original plaintext and key into equal sections using logical operations such as (XOR, XNOR, and shifting). The second layer is inspired by genetic structures based on the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology for cryptographic reasons, replicating natural genetic cryptography processes such as binary to DNA base translation, transcription (DNA to mRNA regeneration), and translation (regeneration from mRNA to protein). The experimental findings of the suggested method demonstrated a high degree of security and an apparent improvement in cipher size and execution time compared to existing algorithms frequently utilized in cloud computing.