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Rhizosphere Bioremediation: Green Technology to Clean Up the Environment
Published in M.H. Fulekar, Bhawana Pathak, Bioremediation Technology, 2020
Bioaugmentation rhizosphere bioremediation was carried out using identified microflora at higher concentrations, i.e., 100 ppm pesticide amended in soil after the 60-day pot culture experiment. The identified microflora by the 16s RNA technique shows the presence of bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus sphaericus, Clostridium sp., Nocardia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp. and fungi: Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Streptomyces sp. The bacteria culture was used in the bioaugmentation rhizosphere bioremediation at a concentration of 25, 50 and 100 ppm up to a period of 25 days and samples were observed at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 25 days.
Optical Biosensors in Foodborne Pathogen Detection
Published in George K. Knopf, Amarjeet S. Bassi, Smart Biosensor Technology, 2018
Bacillus species: The members of the Bacillus cereus group (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus pseudomycoides, Bacillus weihenstephanensis, and Bacillus medusa) are pathogenic to humans. In addition, several other enterotoxin-producing bacilli are of major public health concern, including Bacillus subtilis (From et al. 2005; Rasko et al. 2005; Oh et al. 2012). In the Bacillus cereus group, Bacillus anthracis is the most virulent and causes anthrax (Pilo and Frey 2011). Animals (ruminants) are highly susceptible to anthrax through ingestion of soilborne spores. As a bio-threat agent, the significance of B. anthracis to public health is enormous (Irenge and Gala 2012). The similarities between the Bacillus species at the morphological, biochemical, and genomic levels render interspecies differentiation difficult (Klee et al. 2006; Soufiane and Côté 2009; Ehling-Schulz and Messelhausser 2013). However, these similarities as one group reinforce the requirement for their differentiation from other non-Bacillus bacteria.
Delftia lacustris under aerobic conditions
Published in Shrutika Laxmikant Wadgaonkar, Novel bioremediation processes for treatment of seleniferous soils and sediment, 2018
Selenate reduction by Thauera selenatis is catalysed by intracellular thiol glutathione and (Debieux et al., 2011) suggested that there is a link between reductive and volatile methylated selenide dependent detoxification. Other enzymes known to be catalysing selenite reduction are nitrate reductase (Butler et al., 2012; Hunter, 2014), coupling with sulfate reduction (Hockin and Gadd, 2003) or by a glutathione reductase enzyme (Hunter and Manter, 2011; Kessi and Hanselmann, 2004). The role of the thioredoxin and thioreductase enzymes (Garbisu et al., 1999), chromate reductase (Rath et al., 2014) and NADH dependent reductase activity (Dwivedi et al., 2013; Hunter, 2014) in selenite reduction has been widely studied. Selenite reduction in different microorganisms occurs by different enzymes present either in the cytoplasm (Antonioli et al., 2007; Hunter, 2014; Zheng et al., 2014) or the periplasm (Demoll-decker, 1993). Lampis et al. (2014) reported that the selenite reduction activity of Bacillus mycoides is linked to the initial selenite concentration and total number of bacterial cells, rather than the bacterial growth phase. The selenite reduction profile of B. mycoides, when carried out under aerobic conditions with increasing initial selenite concentration, shows that the selenite reduction rate increases with increased selenite concentration (Figure 6.6b)
Effects of ozonized rapeseed oil on bioremediation of diesel oil contaminated soil by Bacillus mycoides NS1020
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2020
Arkadiusz Polewczyk, Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk, Piotr Drożdżyński, Jarosław Domański, Krzysztof Śmigielski
In the experiments an aerobic bacterial strain Bacillus mycoides NS1020, isolated from soil contaminated with crude oil was used. The strain belongs to the culture collection of the Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology (TUL) and has the ability for hydrocarbons degradation and brown coal biosolubilization (Romanowska, Strzelecki, and Bielecki 2015) Bacteria strain were stored on LB agar plates coated with a film of sterile diesel oil hydrocarbons.