China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Stem Cell Engineering Using Bioactive Molecules for Bone-Regenerative Medicine
Published in Gilson Khang, Handbook of Intelligent Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2017
BMP-2 triggers the formation and regeneration of cartilage and bone, and therefore it constitutes the most promising candidate for bone repair material. Saito et al. investigated a novel synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 73–92 (KIPKASSVPTELSAISTLYL) of BMP-2.69 The 73–92 peptide induced ectopic calcification when conjugated to a covalently crosslinked alginate gel, while rhBMP-2-incorporated collagen gel showed a maximum ectopic calcification at 3 weeks and disappeared after 5 weeks. In another study, the osteopromotive domain (OPD) was identified that corresponds to overlapping sequences in BMP receptor (BMPR) IA and BMPR II–binding sites and has binding affinities for BMPR IA and BMPR II. The OPD properly transduced intracellular signals via the Smad1/5/8 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways and increased mineralization in vitro. This implies that the OPD alone can induce osteoblastic differentiation.70 the OPD was covalently linked to titanium surfaces of dental implants through a chemical conjugation process.71 When embedded in canine mandibles, the implants modified with the OPD produced significant increases in bone growth. This confirmed that biochemical modifications of titanium surfaces can enhance the rate of bone regeneration compared to untreated titanium surfaces.
Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Published in Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White, Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White
BMPs can be obtained via recombinant DNA technology starting from mammalian cells. The advantage of biotechnology-derived BMPs over bBMPx is that molecules identical to human BMPs can be obtained in unlimited quantities. The biotechnology processes involved in rhBMP synthesis are based on sequential steps [115]. The human DNA sequence specific to a BMP is first linked to a vector that is transfected into a selected mammalian host cell. The BMP coding sequence is subsequently amplified, and the cell line is expanded and frozen. Finally, lots of the cell line retrieved from the cell bank for production are thawed and made to grow in larger and larger culture medium volumes, from which BMPs are purified. Two types of recombinant human BMP are currently available: recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) and BMP-7 or OP-1 (rhBMP-7or rhOP-1).
Role of Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Published in Jyoti Ranjan Rout, Rout George Kerry, Abinash Dutta, Biotechnological Advances for Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Nanotechnology, 2022
Bijayananda Panigrahi, Uday Suryakanta, Sourav Mishra, Rohit Kumar Singh, Dindyal Mandal
GO are used for specific delivery of proteins like bone morphogenetic proteins BMPs and substance P [SP] factors (Gautschi, 2007; Termaat et al., 2005). BMP-2 is a standard growth factor which used for bone regeneration; its overdose leads to side effects including excess bone growth, inflammation at the site, and uncontrolled bone development. La et al. reported of Ti-GO implant where the surface is modified by numerous BMPs and SP. BMP-2 when delivered using GO-Ti and bare Ti, GO-Ti exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase action in cells which is mostly responsible for bone formation. The delivery of BMP-2 and SP showed a higher development of bone growth in mice when compared to other groups.
Association between Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene Polymorphisms and Skeletal Fluorosis of The Brick-tea Type Fluorosis in Tibetans and Kazakhs, China
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2021
Qun Lou, Ning Guo, Wei Huang, Liaowei Wu, Mengyao Su, Yang Liu, Xiaona Liu, Bingyun Li, Yanmei Yang, Yanhui Gao
SF is a chronic metabolic bone disease, characterized by acceleration of bone turnover with active osteoblastic activity. Thus, some signaling molecules related to osteoblastic activity are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis(Everett 2010). BMP2, a critical regulator in bone tissue formation, plays an important role in inducing osteogenesis and stimulating the proliferation of osteoclasts. In vitro studies have reported sodium fluoride could promote BMP2 expression to induce proliferation of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells, a human osteoblast-like cell lines (Wei et al. 2014). In the rat model of fluorosis established by NaF stimulation, the expression of BMP2 is up-regulated in osteoblast cells (Zhang et al. 2006). Therefore, BMP2 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis. There are many pieces of evidence indicate that some SNPs of BMP2, such as Rs1980499, Rs235739, Rs235764 and Rs996544, are predominantly associated with osteoblast differentiation and influence bone mineral density (BMD) (Reneland et al. 2005; Tranah et al. 2008; Deng et al. 2013). However, the relationship between these SNPs and skeletal fluorosis is unclear.
The role of BMP-2, low-level laser therapy and low x-ray doses in dental follicle stem cell migration
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Ondine Lucaciu, Bogdan Crisan, Mihaela Hedesiu, Olga Soritau, Noemi Dirzu, Liana Crisan, Radu Campian, Grigore Baciut, Mihaela Baciut, Florin Onisor, Cristian Dinu, Simion Bran
These cells can be used in tissue engineering as bone grafts, improving bone regeneration at the dental implant surface Lucaciu, Soriţău, et al. (2015) and can also migrate toward damaged tissue and regenerate it. Felthaus et al. (2014) tried to elucidate the effects of different growth factors such as epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) on the migration of DFSCs. It is well known that BMP-2 induces osteogenic differentiation of stem cells (Scarfi 2016). In the study of Felthaus et al. (2014), the authors proved that the strongest migration was induced by BMP-2 accompanied by the beginning of osteogenic differentiation. Decambron et al. (2017) demonstrated that MSCs and BMP-2 seeded onto a coral scaffold further increased bone formation and bone union when compared to only BMP-2 or MSCs seeded on a coral scaffold.
The improvement of calvarial bone healing by durable nanogel-crosslinked materials
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Pornkawee Charoenlarp, Arun Kumar Rajendran, Rie Fujihara, Taisei Kojima, Ken-ichi Nakahama, Yoshihiro Sasaki, Kazunari Akiyoshi, Masaki Takechi, Sachiko Iseki
Growth factors (GFs) are biologically active polypeptides that have also been used to improve scaffold bioactivity as a result of their ability to stimulate stem and precursor cell maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation towards specific lineages. BMP2 belongs to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily is considered as a potent osteoinductive growth factor for osteogenic differentiation of various stem cells. Therefore, BMP2 has been widely used for bone regeneration applications [12,13]. FGF18 is a member of the FGF family and the candidate growth factor for bone regeneration since it is involved in osteogenesis during skeletal development [14,15]. Several studies have shown that FGF18 can promote differentiation of osteoblastic cells in fetal skull bone formation by upregulating BMP2 expression, accompanied by Noggin downregulation [16,17]. However, FGF18 itself cannot accelerates bone formation in mouse calvarial bone defect model [18]. Combination of hFGF18 and hBMP2 showed enhanced and stable bone regeneration in mouse calvarial bone healing, so FGF18 activated bone regeneration only in the presence of BMP2 [18]. Therefore, co-administration of these two GFs with appropriate scaffold would be a promising strategy for bone regenerative therapy.