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Collection of stem cells in (autologous) donors by apheresis
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
White blood cells (WBCs) can be collected with apheresis techniques. This is named leuka- pheresis or leukocytapheresis. Apheresis is a method of obtaining one or more blood components by machine processing of whole blood in which the residual components are returned to the donor or patient during or at the end of the process. The majority of the leukapheresis procedures are performed to collect cells for cellular therapies, of which the collections of autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HPCs) are most frequent performed. HPCs are found in the bone marrow and are identified by the presence of the CD34 antigen on their surface, and therefore these cells are often named CD34 positive cells. HPCs are multipotent stem cells that can develop into all the blood cell types constituting from the myeloid (monocytes and macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes/platelets, dendritic cells), and lymphoid lineages (T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells).
Mechanical filtration of the cerebrospinal fluid: procedures, systems, and applications
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
The word ‘apheresis’ etymologically comes from the ancient Greek word ‘aphairesis’ meaning ‘a taking away.’ In medicine, it refers to extracorporeal procedures in which a body fluid passes through an apparatus that separates one particular constituent and returns the remainder to the circulation or collects one of the fluid components. The term ‘liquorpheresis’ was first used in the decade of 1980 to refer to methods of CSF (‘liquor’) filtration [3], and later used as a synonym for CSF filtration [5]. Albeit the term has also been used to designate methods using implantable devices, it is most appropriate to designate extracorporeal procedures with tangential filtration only, in parallel to plasmapheresis.
Unaddressed problems and research perspectives in scheduling blood collection from donors
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2018
Seda Baş Güre, Giuliana Carello, Ettore Lanzarone, Semih Yalçındağ
In Western countries, blood is usually collected from donors, i.e. unpaid individuals who donate their blood voluntarily (World Health Organization 2012). Blood is classified into groups and based on the Rhesus factor, and each patient receives the blood of his/her type or a compatible type. There are two types of donations: whole-blood and apheresis. In the whole-blood donation, blood is collected from the donor in a plastic bag, while apheresis refers to the donation of specific blood components, such as erythrocytes or platelets, in which a mechanical apparatus separates the required blood constituents and re-infuses the others in the donor.