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Toxic Responses of the Blood
Published in Stephen K. Hall, Joana Chakraborty, Randall J. Ruch, Chemical Exposure and Toxic Responses, 2020
Signs and symptoms of bone marrow suppression are variable and often insidious, depending upon the degree of pancytopenia. The general conditions of anemia, weakness, fatigue, irritability, and gastrointestinal distress may be present. Hemorrhage and blood loss from mucous surfaces are common and infection can become a serious problem.
Role of Encapsulation in Food Systems: A Review
Published in Deepak Kumar Verma, Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Nanotechnology and Nanomaterial Applications in Food, Health, and Biomedical Sciences, 2019
Farhan Saeed, Huma Bader-Ul-Ain, Muhammad Afzaal, Nazir Ahmad, Munawar Abbas, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
Among water-soluble vitamins, encapsulation of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has been most extensively investigated. Some of the researchers have demonstrated the potential of ascorbic acid encapsulation by spray drying as a mean to enhance the retention of the vitamin C. Researchers encapsulated the ascorbic acid and they found that not only the stability of the encapsulated vitamin has been improved but it also helped to mask the acidic taste of ascorbic acid. It has been investigated the release of vitamin C from chitosan microcapsules by varying the cross-linked density through glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment. Release rates of vitamin C decreased by increasing crosslink density. Heat treatment of liquid foods containing folic acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (MTHFA) resulted in thermal degradation of the vitamin. Microencapsulation of MTHFA in pectin: alginate (80:20) provides the stability to the vitamin especially at elevated temperatures, for example, in extrusion.18 Microencapsulated ferrous fumarate plus ascorbic acid sprinkled on some complimentary food can help in the treatment of anemia. Other investigations related to encapsulation of water-soluble vitamins (vitamin C) can be found in Ref. [19].
Ferritin levels after ferrous fumarate supplementation in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
Anaemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for both the mother and the foetus. The serum concentrations of ferritin will continue to decline progressively during pregnancy, although erythropoiesis is increased (Cunningham, 2010). Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and haematocrit (Ht) slightly decreased during normal pregnancy, resulting in the overall blood viscosity decreasing. Also, plasma concentrations of various substances decreased during pregnancy (Schmitt, 2005).
Anemia in Children from the Caribbean Region of Colombia: An Econometric Analysis
Published in Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 2023
Lina Moyano Tamara, Paula Espitia, Ana Mora
Anemia is a disease that occurs when the hemoglobin concentration in the blood is lower than necessary to meet the oxygen transport requirements in the body. The factor contributing the most to the onset of anemia is iron deficiency. Among those individuals who are anemic, iron deficiency anemia represents at least 50% of anemia cases3,4; thus, this pathology is directly related to the lack of this micronutrient as a result of a poor and non-diversified diet.3 Moreover, anemia can also result from parasitic infections, deficiencies of other micronutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin B12, and folic acid, chronic and hereditary diseases.5 The disease may occur at any stage of the human life cycle; however, it is more prevalent during pregnancy and in children under five years old because it is precisely during these periods that the biological requirements for iron are higher. In addition, the late introduction of complementary feeding (over 26 weeks) reduced the extent of breastfeeding, and this plus inadequate intake of iron-rich foods are factors that have been linked to the development of anemia in children under five years.6
Effect of sub-chronic ferrous sulfate treatment on motor skills, hematological and biochemical parameters in rats
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2019
Mohamed Ammari, Miryam Elferchichi, Haifa Othman, Mohsen Sakly, Hafedh Abdelmelek
Iron supplements where iron exists as ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) or ferrous gluconate (C12H22FeO14) and multivitamins with iron and carbonyl iron (an iron plus carbon monoxide combination) can cause iron overload if used excessively (iron poisoning). This iron intake will usually not result in hemosiderosis or hemochromatosis if used in excess over a short period but may cause some acute symptoms of iron poisoning. Long-term intake of excessive iron supplements, however, will result in hemosiderosis (iron overload) which may then be followed by hemochromatosis (iron toxicity). Iron poisoning is one of the most common types of poisoning in children which may lead to death.15 Accidental ingestion is common because iron containing compounds are readily available, brightly colored, often sugar coated, and frequently considered harmless vitamins by parents.16 Iron supplements are typically used to treat anemia. Modalities include: diet, parasite control,17 vitamin A, riboflavin (B2),18 vitamin C (for absorption), folate (B9), vitamin B12, and multivitamin–multimineral supplements with or without iron.
A Deep Learning-based System for Detecting Anemia from Eye Conjunctiva Images Taken from a Smartphone
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2023
Bijit Basumatary, Rahul Shukla, Rakesh Kumar, Bodhisatwa Das, Ashish Kumar Sahani
Body ANEMIA is a condition in which the number or size of red blood cells, or the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, falls below an established cut-off value, consequently impairing the capacity of the blood to transport oxygen around the body. The limited supply of oxygen in the body reduces physical and mental capacity. It raises the rates of maternal mortality and miscarriages in pregnant women and increases the occurrence of stillbirths, infant mortality, and low birth weight [1]. The Hb level needed to meet the physiological needs is differentiated according to gender, age group, and pregnancy condition. The major causes of anemia are nutritional deficiencies (particularly iron, folate, vitamins A, and B12 deficiency), hemoglobinopathies, and infectious diseases (such as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, and parasitic infections) [2]. It is a severe condition worldwide; about 40% of pregnant women and 39.9% of children worldwide are anemic. Conditions are worse in South Asia, Central Africa, and West Africa. In India, 53% of women of reproductive age and 54% of children between 6 months to 4.9 years are anemic [3]. WHO targets to reduce anemia by 50% among women of reproductive age as per their “Global Nutrition Target 2025- Anemia” [4]. To achieve the given target, there is a requirement for time-efficient, cost-effective and easy-to-use tools to perform mass screening. However, the current standard methods for hemoglobin testing like Sahil’s test, Hemiglobincyanide Method, Vanzeetti’s Azide Methemoglobin, and Reagent-less method do not provide compelling evidence to achieve the same. Moreover, the chemicals employed in the tests are biohazardous and pollute the environment [5]. In India, the hemoglobin test costs up to Rs.100 as of 12 July 2021 [6].