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Assessment of Quercetin Isolated from Enicostemma Littorale Against Few Cancer Targets: An in Silico Approach
Published in A. K. Haghi, Ana Cristina Faria Ribeiro, Lionello Pogliani, Devrim Balköse, Francisco Torrens, Omari V. Mukbaniani, Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2017
The androgen receptor (AR) helps prostate cancer cells to survive and is a target for many anti cancer research studies; so far, inhibiting the AR has only proven to be effective in mouse studies. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) stimulates the development of prostate cancer by increasing folate levels for the cancer cells to survive and grow; PSMA increases available folates for use by hydrolyzing glutamated folates.83 Andarine is an orally active partial agonist for AR It has been shown to inhibit the development, progression, and metastasis as well in autochthonous transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model, which spontaneously develops prostate cancer.27
The effect of sex hormones on skeletal muscle adaptation in females
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2022
Sarah E. Alexander, Alexander C. Pollock, Séverine Lamon
Despite being the major male sex hormones, androgens are also produced by the female ovarian stroma and adrenal zona fasciculate, albeit at concentrations ten-fold lower than typical male levels (Burger, 2002). The most potent androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) bind to the androgen receptor (AR), and effect physiological changes in their target tissues, including skeletal muscle (Ekenros et al., 2017). In males, testosterone plays a clear role in muscle mass regulation and increases muscle mass and strength in a dose-dependent manner (Bhasin et al., 2001). This primarily occurs through an increase in protein synthesis via the activation of the mTOR/Akt pathway, an increase in the number of activated satellite cells and via the recruitment of mesenchymal pluripotent stem cells into the myogenic lineage (Herbst & Bhasin, 2004). However, most data regarding the anabolic effects of androgens in human skeletal muscle stem from male-only cohorts and the role of androgens in female muscle physiology is poorly understood.
Maternal bisphenol A exposure disrupts spermatogenesis in adult rat offspring
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2019
Patricia De Campos, Isabela M. Oliveira, Janaina Sena de Souza, Rodrigo Rodrigues Da Conceição, Gisele Giannocco, Maria I Chiamolera, Magnus R.Dias-Da Silva, Marco A. Romano, Renata Marino Romano
Spermatogenesis is dependent on a well-orchestrated hormonal environment. FSH and testosterone are the main hormonal regulators of spermatogenesis (O’Shaughnessy 2014). The interaction between FSH and FSH receptor regulates the production of sperm in the seminiferous epithelium by controlling proliferation of stem cells (Schlatt and Ehmcke 2014). Androgens interact with androgen receptor (AR), which is located in the Sertoli cells and necessary for the maintenance of critical processes during spermatogenesis, such as the maintenance of the blood-testis barrier and adhesion and release of sperm from Sertoli cells (Wang et al. 2006). The absence of AR expression decreases the number of spermatids due to disruption of spermatogenesis and diminished adhesion of spermatids to Sertoli cells (De Gendt et al. 2004).