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Machine Learning Applications to Recognize Autism and Alzheimer's Disease
Published in Rashmi Priyadarshini, R M Mehra, Amit Sehgal, Prabhu Jyot Singh, Artificial Intelligence, 2023
Touko Tcheutou Stephane Borel, Rashmi Priyadarshini
Injury to the amygdala is manifested by changes in the treatment of fear, modulation of memory with emotional content and eye contact with the human face. The effects in people with tonsil lesions mimic the phenomena of ASD because the amygdala processes sensory, audio-visual, visceral and synesthetic inputs, channeling through the main efferent ducts, striaterminalis. The amygdala comprises 13 nuclei that, historically and chemically, are divided into three groups: centro medial (CM), basolateral (BL) and superficial groups. The BL group has a functioning comparable to that of a sensory stimulus that connects nodes for large social cognition, connecting the superficial groups and the CM with reciprocity to the orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal (mPFC) and anterior cingulate (ACC) cortex.
The Predictive Brain
Published in Lisa Heschong, Visual Delight in Architecture, 2021
This sense of personal space is at least partially located in the amygdalae, two small almond shaped structures deep in the middle of the brain. The amygdalae also play key roles in the formation of memories of emotional events, adding emotional valance to our spatial boundaries. People and monkeys with damage to one or both amygdalae display little concern about personal space. Their boundaries of ‘you-versus-me’ tend to blur, with no emotional response to personal space violation. In later chapters we will explore how a sense of personal space interacts with views. Expanded personal space seems to translate into a sense of ownership, especially of views. People often describe views that they love as ‘expansive’ and those they dislike as ‘constricting.’ Their stories also often merge personal feelings of expansion with a sense of happiness, and those of contraction with stress, pressure, or unwanted constraints.
The Mental Health Elephant at Work
Published in Christopher Langer, Mindful Safety, 2021
Mindfulness is a proven tool for recovery, but it can also be used to build up resilience, as regular practice leads to greater activation of the pre-frontal cortex. This is associated with a reduction of fear, anxiety and aggression, and consequently there is less activity in the amygdala. This is associated with a reduction of fear, anxiety and aggression, and consequently there is less activity in the amygdala, the almond-shaped part of the brain that determines how we react to things. According to eminent researcher Richard Davidson, the left side of the pre-frontal cortex can be 30 times as active in a resilient person, compared to someone who is not.16
The Neurostructure of Morality and the Hubris of Memory Manipulation
Published in The New Bioethics, 2018
In addition to external properties of bodily perception, properties of internal systems can affect the content and quality of mental states (Glannon, 2011, pp. 11–40 esp p. 16). Adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) – catecholamines secreted by the adrenal medulla – have several critical functions in the body. High levels of these hormones can adversely affect the brain. The release of adrenaline into the bloodstream activates noradrenic mechanisms in the amygdala, which promote formation, consolidation, and reconsolidation of unconscious memories of fearful and emotionally charged events. Distinct from the effects on working memory, the release of hormones to form and strengthen memory of a threatening event is adaptive insofar as it enables an individual to avoid similar threats in the future. However, hypersecretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to a traumatic event can consolidate unconscious memory of the event so potently that it results severe psychological conditions, such as PTSD.4 Moreover, these hormones also contribute to the formation and consolidation of episodic memory in the hippocampus and its reconsolidation in the cerebral cortex. Episodic memory involves first-person recall and consists of links between past and present desires, beliefs, intentions, and emotions. Such psychological continuity is the basis of prospective memory, and thus the foundation of narrative identity: the unified set of characteristics and experiences that comprise the one’s distinctive autobiography (Glannon 2011, pp. 12–18).
Bridge Design, Perception, and Emotion
Published in Structural Engineering International, 2021
Curved lines have been considered during centuries, in different studies about aesthetics from a philosophic, psychologic, or evolutive perspective, more harmonious, relaxing, pleasant, and in accordance with nature than straight or kinked lines. More recent studies confirm that human beings tend to favour objects with curved contours over those sharpened or angular.3 When seeing objects with the latter features, the amygdala, a region of the brain involved in fear processing, is activated (probably a subconscious potential threat detection mechanism). This means that the existence of sharp angles and pointed features influences how an object is perceived, the intensity of amygdala activation, being proportional to the degree of sharpness or angularity.4
Performance analysis and enhancement of brain emotion-based intelligent controller and its impact on PMBLDC motor drive for electric vehicle applications
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Gunapriya Balan, Suma Christal Mary Sundararajan, Singaravelan Arumugam, Mathankumar Manoharan, Karthik Muthukrishnan, Suresh Muthusamy, Hitesh Panchal, Kumaresan Varadharaj, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Santhakumar Jayakumar
To enhance the speed performance of a controller with less settling time, feasible and direct control, improved BELBIC is proposed in this paper. It is proposed to reduce the overshoot, settling time, and drop in speed during a load change. It tends to be accomplished by suggesting improved BELBIC because of its twin feedback controller. PI and Anti-windup PI are single feedback controllers (Sadeghi and Daryabeigi 2014). Improved BELBIC gets speed error of the motor as one of the inputs and the controller output as another input. It brings about the exact tuning of the controller dependent on the current state. IBELBIC depends on the working of the “Limbic System” of the human brain, and a part of the mammalian brain is responsible for emotional processes (Pringle and Harmer 2015). Inspired by the success in the useful demonstrating of emotional state in control designing applications, the primary intention of this paper is to utilize an original model dependent on the limbic arrangement of the mammalian cerebrum and enthusiastic learning-based activity choice for dynamic conditions and control the speed of the motor. The little almond-formed subcortical space of the amygdala, as represented in Figure 10, is particularly situated to get redesigns from all unique cortices and other material spaces of the hippocampus. The functional blocks of IBELBIC and the computational model are depicted in Figure 11 and Figure 12, respectively. The IBELBIC methodology is fundamentally an association stage system reliant upon physical information sources and emotional cues. In variable speed applications, the choice of the input signals is instructed by control system output. The amygdala is a piece of the brain that should be answerable for preparing feelings and relates to the orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus, and tactile information cortex (Lotfi, Rezaee, and Belbic 2019).