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Management of Natural Rubber Glove Sensitivity
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Allergic contact dermatitis is the immune-mediated form of contact dermatitis and occurs in previously sensitized individuals. It requires a sensitization phase which occurs during the initial exposure to the allergen and lasts for 10–14 days. Re-exposure to the sensitizing substance leads to the development of papulovesicular lesions with erythema over the site of contact with allergen within 24–48 h, which is called the elicitation phase. Xerosis, fissures, and lichenification can be seen in chronic cases.
Pathological Manifestations and Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Also, important to consider is sensitization to certain heavy metals, such as beryllium, that can be translated into immediate-type hypersensitivity response without an increase in IgE or IgG. Metals such as nickel and beryllium can also cause type IV delayed response mediated by activated macrophages and T lymphocytes. Finally, exposure to some metals, such as Gold salts and Mercury-containing compounds, has been related to interstitial immune complex nephritis with deposition of immune complexes that is similar in pathogenesis to an autoimmune disease (Krzystyniak et al., 1995). Sensitizing metals the cause allergic contact dermatitis include Nickel, Chromium, Cobalt, Platinum, Mercury, Tungsten, Vanadium, Copper, Zinc, Palladium, Tin, Iodine, Lithium, and Gold. Sensitizing metals that cause asthma and rhinitis include Nickel, Chromium, Cobalt, Platinum, Mercury, and Vanadium (Di Gioacchino et al., 2007).
Use hypoallergenic material
Published in Michael Wiklund, Kimmy Ansems, Rachel Aronchick, Cory Costantino, Alix Dorfman, Brenda van Geel, Jonathan Kendler, Valerie Ng, Ruben Post, Jon Tilliss, Designing for Safe Use, 2019
Michael Wiklund, Kimmy Ansems, Rachel Aronchick, Cory Costantino, Alix Dorfman, Brenda van Geel, Jonathan Kendler, Valerie Ng, Ruben Post, Jon Tilliss
“Allergic contact dermatitis” is the medical term used for a rash or irritation of the skin that occurs when allergens—substances that the immune system reacts to as foreign—touch your skin. It is estimated that atopic dermatitis—another type of skin-related allergy—affects up to 15-20% of children and 1-3% of adults worldwide.1
Quality and safety of South African hand sanitisers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
W. de Bruin, M. C. van Zijl, N. H. Aneck-Hahn, L. Korsten
Exposure to certain excipients such as quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), fragrances, and preservatives can, however, induce adverse cutaneous reactions in some people, either in the form of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) (Giacalone et al. 2020; Jing et al. 2020). The first is a non-immunological local inflammatory reaction characterised by temporary itching, redness, rash or scaling of the skin, and bleeding if severe. On the other hand, allergic contact dermatitis is an inflammatory immune response that is of particular importance since severe forms can lead to respiratory distress or other anaphylactic symptoms (Jing et al. 2020). Preservatives and fragrances are some of the most frequent elicitors of contact allergy (Yazar et al. 2011; Zaragoza-Ninet et al. 2016).
A convenient fluorometric test method for skin sensitization using glutathione in chemico
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2021
Geon Ho Kim, Dong Ho Cha, Mahesh R. Nepal, Tae Cheon Jeong
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), an occupational and environmental disease associated with immune reactions, results from skin sensitization (Gerberick et al. 2007; Kim et al. 2019b, 2018). It is generally accepted that skin sensitization is triggered through four key events of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP), which are (1) covalent binding of sensitizer to either thiol or amino group of skin proteins, (2) activation of keratinocytes to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, (3) antigen processing and presentation by dermal dendritic cells, and (4) stimulation of T cells (Bezerra et al. 2021; Kolle, Landsiedel, and Natsch 2020; MacKay et al. 2013). The re-exposure to the same sensitizing chemical might lead to ACD by triggering inflammatory processes responsible for the cutaneous lesion attributed to activated hapten-specific T cells (Guedes et al. 2017; Marigliani et al. 2019).
The risk factors for occupational contact dermatitis among workers in a medium density fiberboard furniture factory in Eastern Thailand
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2021
Anamai Thetkathuek, Tanongsak Yingratanasuk, Wiwat Ekburanawat, Wanlop Jaidee, Teerayuth Sa-ngiamsak
Additionally, workers in the MDF furniture factory may be exposed to formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resin, either by skin contact or because of the dust generally dispersed around the workplace. MDF dust generally contains 8%–18% formaldehyde and resins.4 This study found that workers in the exposed group, who performed daily tasks of cutting, polishing, drilling, and composing wood, developed symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis, which agrees with studies conducted by Priha et al.21 and Heikkilä et al.,22 who found that workers who performed these tasks in an MDF furniture factory had risks of exposure to wood dust during the process of sawing and sanding, or from the machines. Also, formaldehyde causes sensitization that may result in allergic contact dermatitis, as cited in the University of Pittsburgh Safety Manual.16 Another finding of this study was that the workers who spent more than 2 hour a day using chemicals at home, such as cooking, cloth washing by hand, gardening, dish washing, cleaning, and using chemicals suspected of causing contact dermatitis more than 2 h per day, and those who used bleach one to three times a month during housework, developed symptoms of contact dermatitis, as toilet cleaning liquids and bleach are skin irritants. Subsequently, this can contribute to symptoms of itching, rash, and skin swelling and an increased risk of allergic contact dermatitis.23–26