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Intervention: Nanotechnology in Reconstructive Intervention and Surgery
Published in Harry F. Tibbals, Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2017
Miniature wireless in vivo surgical robots have been used experimentally for NOTES surgery, where they appear to overcome many of the limitations of working laparoscopically through a single incision trocar port [475-477]. Current advanced experimental designs for in vivo surgical robotics feature both mobile and fixed base devices that fit entirely inside the abdominal cavity. Modular wireless platforms can accommodate a variety of instruments including biopsy graspers, staplers and clamps, video cameras, and physiological sensors. These tools have been integrated with a common wireless platform and tested in vivo in a porcine model [478].
The influence of flexible/rigid obstacle on flame propagation and blast injuries risk in gas explosion
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Shuwei Yu, Yulong Duan, Fengying Long, Hailin Jia, Jun Huang, Yunbing Bu, Lul Zheng, Xiaohua Fan
The average pressure oscillation amplitude under different blocking rates is shown in Figure 16, and it can be seen that the pressure oscillation caused by rigid obstacles increases with the increase of the blocking rate. This is largely due to the increase of reflection area in the process of pressure wave caused by the increase of obstacle volume, and the superposition of pressure wave oscillation and pressure further increases the explosion overpressure. However, in the case of flexible obstacles, the pressure oscillation amplitude is significantly smaller than that of rigid obstacles. The variation trend of oscillation amplitude is also opposite to that of rigid obstacles. That is, the oscillation amplitude decreases with the increase of the blocking rate. Then, it can be observed that the blocking rate increases and the pressure oscillation under rigid obstacles have the opposite change trend to that under flexible obstacles. When the blocking rate is 0.4, the average oscillation amplitude detected by the two sensors is 7.52 kPa and 9.84 kPa, while when the blocking rate is 0.35 and 0.4, the oscillation amplitude is close to 0 kPa, and the pressure change curve is close to smooth. The effect of quasi-static pressure itself on nonauditory injury is not obvious, but the change of quasi-static pressure can change the reverberation property of composite waves. It has a certain effect on organ response in abdominal cavity (Johnson et al. 1993). The pressure oscillation caused by the reflected shock wave increases the original explosion overpressure and improves the PBI.
Scanning the Issue
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Arun Kumar, Shiban K Koul, Ranjan K Mallik
The following paper titled, “Automatic Liver Tumor Segmentation based on Multi-level Deep Convolutional Networks and Fractal Residual Network” deals with the problem of liver segmentation in medical CT images. It presents a practical upstream strategy based on a multi-level deep convolutional network (MDCN) and a fractal residual network (FRN) to separate the liver object from the rest of the abdominal cavity in a medical image. The MDCN is programmed to adapt to new data by assigning different probabilities to each super pixel based on where it is in the liver. Tumor regions are found using FRN, and the active contour model method is then used to refine the segmentation of the tumor. The paper presents results of study on CT images and comparison with competing segmentation techniques to draw conclusions about the proposed segmentation strategy.
Bacteria-targeting chitosan/carbon dots nanocomposite with membrane disruptive properties improve eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
Muhammad Arif, Mohamed Sharaf, Quanjiang Dong, Lili Wang, Zhe Chi, Chen-Guang Liu
C57BL/6 male mice at 8 weeks of age were erratically assigned to 3 groups (n = 8) to receive UCPM-NPs (3 mg / mL) for 4 to 24 h. One group of mice remained untreated as a control. Each mouse in the other two groups received 0.3 mL of UCPM-NPs through intragastric oral gavage. Mice were killed at times indicated, and the stomach was removed from the abdominal cavity. The stomach was cut open along a larger curvature, the gastric content was removed, and the gastric fluid having excess UCPM-NPs washed away. For confocal imaging, gastric samples of three mice in each group were frozen at the cutting compound's optimum temperature. Gastric samples of the remaining five mice in each group were homogenized, and tissue or cell debris was removed by 5,000 × g centrifuged homogenates for 10 min. Supernatants were collected and tested for the fluorescence intensity of carbon dots labeled UCPM NPs.