China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Product Liability and Accident Investigations
Published in Paul H. King, Richard C. Fries, Arthur T. Johnson, Design of Biomedical Devices and Systems, 2018
Paul H. King, Richard C. Fries, Arthur T. Johnson
Injury estimation: In studies of human survival following trauma an early scheme involved the development of an abbreviated injury scale (AIS); this scale ranges from 0 (minor sprain) to 6 (unsurvivable injury.) This scale is developed for each of the six body regions of interest in survivability, the head, face, chest, abdomen, extremities (including pelvis), and external. The highest squared scores from the three most injured areas are added together to generate a new score, the Injury Severity Score. With the exception that any “6” AIS rating automatically yields the maximum ISS score of 75, this score relates directly to rates of mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay.1
Numerical Simulations in Virtual Environments
Published in Andrzej Grabowski, Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments, 2020
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). A scale used to describe injuries for statistical purposes. On this scale, five areas are distinguished in which injuries require assessment: head, chest, abdomen, spine and limbs, including the pelvis (see Table 7.2).
Collision versus loss-of-control motorcycle accidents: Comparing injuries and outcomes
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2022
Russell Seth Martins, Sabah Uddin Saqib, Mohummad Hassan Raza Raja, Mishal Gillani, Hasnain Zafar
A standardized pro forma was used to collect data about patient demographics, patient identity (rider vs. pillion rider), arrival details (directly to AKUH or through referral), patterns of accidents (mechanism of accident) and injury (site; polytrauma, defined as ≥2 major injuries), and outcomes (in-hospital complications and condition on discharge). The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) was used to score patient injuries. The AIS is a 6-point scoring system, with scores of 1 = minor, 2 = moderate, 3 = serious, 4 = severe, 5 = critical, and 6 = unsurvivable injury (Gennarelli and Wodzin 2006). In accordance with prior literature, polytrauma was defined as significant injuries of greater than 3 points on the AIS in ≥2 anatomical regions (Hsieh et al. 2018).
Age-based differences in the disability of spine injuries in pediatric and adult motor vehicle crash occupants
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2022
S. Delanie Lynch, Ashley A. Weaver, Ryan T. Barnard, Bahram Kiani, Joel D. Stitzel, Mark R. Zonfrillo
The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is a consensus-derived and anatomy-based measure to classify and describe injury severity by various dimensions, some of which include threat-to-life, quality-of-life, mortality, tissue damage, and hospitalization. AIS quantifies an injury’s severity on a scale of 1–6, where 1 represents a minor injury unlikely to cause mortality and 6 represents a maximal injury highly likely to cause mortality. However, AIS scores may not fully capture an injury’s impact on quality-of-life, since injuries resulting in life-long impairments are not always life-threatening (Read et al. 2004). Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores from discharged trauma patients are a viable supplement to AIS to assess disability associated with injuries (Gaffley et al. 2019). The objective of this study was to develop a disability-based metric for MVC spine injuries to support existing metrics by quantifying associated rates of an injury for four age groups: older adults, middle-aged adults, young adults, and pediatrics.
Patterns of traumatic injuries and outcomes to motorcyclists in a developing country: A cross-sectional study
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2021
Russell Seth Martins, Sabah Uddin Saqib, Mishal Gillani, Syeda Ramlah Tul Sania, Muhammad Umer Junaid, Hasnain Zafar
A standardized proforma was used to collect data about patient demographics, patient identity (rider vs. pillion rider), arrival details (directly to AKUH or through referral), patterns of accidents (mechanism of accident) and injury (site, occurrence of polytrauma), and outcomes (in-hospital complications and condition on discharge). Patients’ injuries were scored using the abbreviated injury scale (AIS) (Gennarelli and Wodzin 2008) which is a six-point ordinal scale ranging from minor (1), moderate (2), serious (3), severe (4), critical (5), to un-survivable injury (6). In the absence of a universally accepted definition, polytrauma was defined as significant injuries of ≥ 3 points on the abbreviated injury scale (AIS) in two or more different anatomical regions, a definition which has been used previously (Osterwalder 2002; Hsieh et al. 2018).