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Transportation - haulage and hoisting
Published in Ratan Raj Tatiya, Surface and Underground Excavations, 2013
Kiruna, Wagnor, Eimco, Mormet, Kelbl, Caterpillar and few other companies manufacture the low profile dumpers having capacity up to 50 tons. In figure 7.4 Kiruna’s low profile diesel trucks have been shown. Electric trucks are successfully working in the mines of Australia, Canada, Sweden, Spain, China, and few others; and so are the diesel ones. This company also supplies 35-ton trucks. The electric trucks are environment-friendly as they are less noisy and do not produce exhaust fumes.
Routing a mixed fleet of conventional and electric vehicles for urban delivery problems: considering different charging technologies and battery swapping
Published in International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics, 2023
Afsane Amiri, Hossein Zolfagharinia, Saman Hassanzadeh Amin
All the costs and prices are reported in Canadian dollars in this paper. For those costs in other currencies, we used the currency exchange rate at the time of data collection and converted them to Canadian dollars. The cost of energy for conventional diesel trucks is $1.236 per litre at the time of data collection, while the cost of energy for Levels 1, 2 and 3 is $0.08, $1, and $15 per hour, respectively (Plug ‘n drive, 2021). The cost of energy for conventional diesel trucks is $1.236 per litre at the time of data collection, while the cost of energy for Levels 1, 2 and 3 is $0.08, $1, and $15 per hour, respectively (Plug ‘n drive, 2021). Fuel consumption in the city is assumed as 10.7 litres per 100 kilometres (Fuel Consumption Guide, 2021). The electric trucks can be charged for 200 kilometres in approximately 20 h by Level 1 chargers (Gallo & Tomic, 2013). On average, the charging rates are 4 and 40 times faster in Level 2, and Level 3 chargers, respectively. As mentioned before, battery swapping is the fastest method of charging, and it takes about 15 min (half of the time for Level 3) to change a battery.
Hydrogen fuel supply chains for vehicular emissions mitigation: A feasibility assessment for North American freight transport sector
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2023
Sandun Wanniarachchi, Kasun Hewage, Chan Wirasinghe, Hirushie Karunathilake, Rehan Sadiq
As seen in Figure 10, the life cycle cost of a hydrogen fueled truck is approximately four times that of an electric truck. Electric trucks, despite having higher maintenance costs due to requirement of battery replacement, has a lower vehicle purchase price and lower fuel costs. Hence, the cost of ownership of an electric truck and hydrogen truck hovers over CAD 0.54/km and CAD 2.15/km under existing fuel prices. However, due to economies of scale as a result of increased hydrogen production and demand volumes, the price of hydrogen fuel is expected to reduce significantly over the coming years. Hence, if the existing hydrogen fuel price drops from 20.97 CAD/kg to 3.13 CAD/kg, the cost of ownership of a hydrogen fuel truck would drop up by 1.4× the cost of an electric truck.
Exploring public charging infrastructure requirements for short-haul electric trucks
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2022
Jake Whitehead, Jessica Whitehead, Michael Kane, Zuduo Zheng
Electric trucks are powered by electrical energy stored in a rechargeable battery. Electric trucks are propelled by an electric motor/s, and can be plugged-in to charge. They differ from standard internal combustion engine (ICE) trucks, which are typically fueled solely by diesel.