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Evaluation of speed control cameras in Lisbon network
Published in Maurizio Crispino, Pavement and Asset Management, 2019
C. Carvalheira, L.P. Santos, J.N. Santos
The results obtained in this study reveal that speed cameras are in fact a effective method of reducing road accidents and, as a result, reducing the numbers of victims. However, this study also reveals that in this case and after the first 2 years, the number of accidents has risen again. This situation happened at a time when most of the cameras were often vandalized and it was public knowledge the difficulty of the authorities in dealing with the administrative sanctioning procedure for drivers detected at excess speed.
Driver Acceptance of Technologies Deployed Within the Road Infrastructure
Published in Michael A. Regan, Tim Horberry, Alan Stevens, Driver Acceptance of New Technology, 2018
A strong body of research shows that speed cameras improve the behaviour of road users and reduces speeding and road crashes. For example, a four-year evaluation report (Gaines 2005) looked at 2,000 urban and rural sites in the UK where speed measurements were taken both before and after camera deployment. Analysis showed that once the cameras were operational there was
A comparative analysis of road safety across the provinces of Iran from 2005 to 2015
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2021
Mohammad Mehdi Besharati, Ali Tavakoli Kashani, Simon Washington
A reduction in the fatality rate of a province is associated with increases in the urban to rural population ratio and population density. Crashes in urban compared to rural areas tend to be less severe, and population density is a measure of both exposure and urbanization. The inverse relationship between fatality rates and population density has been found in previous studies (Tolón-Becerra et al., 2013). The number of speed cameras per 100 km of rural roads, as well as the number of hospital beds per 100,000 residents in a province are associated with a reduction in fatality rates, as expected. Based on the final model (model 3 in Table 2), a 10% increase in the number of speed cameras per 100 km rural roads can lead to a 0.04% reduction in the fatality rates. Speed cameras are used to enforce speeding which is a contributing factor to many crashes and has direct influence on crash severity. Furthermore, a 10% increase in the number of hospital beds per 100,000 residents (as a proxy for proximity and availability of medical care) can result in a 17.9% reduction in the fatality rates. Previous studies have employed other similar variables such as hospital density (Truong et al., 2016), number of hospital beds per kilometer (Castillo-Manzano et al., 2014), infant mortality rate and number of physicians per capita (Noland, 2003a, 2003b) as proxies for post-crash response capability and improvements in medical treatment, and consistently found that such factors are associated with reduced fatalities.
Policies for operating enforcement cameras
Published in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2020
Generally, the following relationships exist in traffic speeding policies: Enforcement increases driver deterrence, which subsequently reduces the speed, which in turn reduces road crashes (Watson, Siskind, Fleiter, & Watson, 2010). In the early 1960s, the world’s first speed camera was introduced to enforce traffic laws (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_enforcement_camera). Since then, several countries have been using speed-limit enforcement cameras. Speed cameras make speed limit enforcement more effective and have a favorable effect on traffic safety and, in particular, on the occurrence of severe crashes (Carnis & Blais, 2013; De Pauw et al., 2014). Drivers tend to adapt their driving behavior according to speed enforcement by speeding less when limit enforcement is increased, and speeding more when enforcement is reduced. For example, the violation rate for cars passing speed cameras in Norway is close to 10% whereas almost 50% of traffic speeds in general. Bar-Gera, Schechtman, Grinstein, and Musicant (2014) found that the average speed declined by 7.86 km/h (8.7%) at automatic enforcement cameras sites in Israel.
Effects of fixed speed cameras on spatio-temporal pattern of traffic crashes: Ankara case
Published in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2021
Automatic speed enforcement system (also called speed camera) is one of major enforcement tools to prevent speed limit violations. The most commonly applied automatic speed enforcement system is the fixed speed cameras (FSC), mounted in boxes at fixed locations. These cameras are mostly developed to sense speed violations and automatically identify the vehicle based on photographs of the vehicle and license plate (Elvik, Vaa, Hoye, & Sorensen, 2009; OECD, 2006; Thomas, Srinivasan, Decina, & Staplin, 2008; WHO, 2008).