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House As a System
Published in Stan Harbuck, Donna Harbuck, Residential Energy Auditing and Improvement, 2021
While infiltration and exfiltration are defined as air leakage coming in or going out respectively, ventilation is defined as controlled air leakage. A good example of infiltration would be cold air coming in under a door in the winter. An example of exfiltration would be warm air traveling up through recessed can lights into the attic in winter. Natural or passive ventilation is ventilation that occurs without the use of fans or other mechanical equipment. Mechanical or intentional ventilation is the ventilation that results from the use of fans or other mechanical equipment, see Table 3-1. An example of mechanical ventilation would be bathroom or kitchen hood fans.
Energy Efficient Design Strategies for Affordable Housing
Published in AbdulLateef Olanrewaju, Zalina Shari, Zhonghua Gou, Greening Affordable Housing, 2019
Natural ventilation, also known as passive ventilation, refers to the natural air movement driven by the pressure differences, which passes through the building to cool and ventilate the indoor space without relying on the fans or other mechanical systems. Natural ventilation not only provides a major opportunity for a massive energy reduction on cooling but also supplies sufficient cool and fresh air to sustain indoor air quality, which improves the occupants’ comfort both thermally and psychologically. Natural air movement provides effective cooling for occupants because air flow enhances the evaporation of perspiration and thus makes people feel cooler, even though the actual air temperature remains the same. For hot and humid climates, natural ventilation is regarded as one of the most critical passive design strategies, as it can dramatically reduce the building cooling load which is a major part of the total building energy use, at the same time maintain a comfortable or tolerable level of air temperature and humidity in the building.
Building Envelopes: A Passive Way to Achieve Energy Sustainability through Energy-Efficient Buildings
Published in Amritanshu Shukla, Atul Sharma, Sustainability through Energy-Efficient Buildings, 2018
In literature, both slanted and flat ventilated roofs are reported. As we know, the roof design should respect the comfort of the users of the building. The roofs of a building have a greater role to play as compared to other building envelopes. In winter, the roofs should heat the indoors, while during summers, it should restrict the heat gain from surroundings, so that indoor temperature can be maintained to reduce the energy consumption in air-conditioners. Multilayer roofs to maintain air flow and thermal insulation are reported [12]. Ventilation in roofs has proven to provide climatic control inside a building up to certain extent [12,13]. There are other passive ventilation methods also reported like special roof systems using natural ventilation to control the thermal condition inside a building. Double skin roofs are created by adding a metallic screen on an existing sheet metal roof for passive cooling of building in tropical climate [14]. The effect of construction parameters were also analyzed at different temperature and humidity conditions of the surroundings and it was found that ventilated roofs are more remarkable than conventional roofs [15,16].
Passive cooling energy systems: holistic SWOT analyses for achieving urban sustainability
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2020
Ali Cheshmehzangi, Ayotunde Dawodu
It is well established within this research study the positive impact of utilising passive ventilation in cooling strategies, especially within hotter climate zones. It is also established that passive ventilation is an efficient way of reducing the load of active systems. Thus, before even considering active systems, passive systems should be the first point of call. From the indicator perspective, it is well understood that there is interplay between the practice and design, policy, environment, energy and health. The level of interplay was largely interpreted through qualitative categorisation and the use of SWOT Analysis. This helped a broader understanding that to what degree each passive system could contribute to energy efficiency and sustainability in the built environment. This step was taken further at spatial level (macro, meso and micro), in order to evaluate how passive ventilation could then be maximised (Dawodu and Cheshmehzangi 2017).