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Operating Documents that Change in Real-time: Dynamic Documents and User Performance Support
Published in Guy A. Boy, The Handbook of Human-Machine Interaction, 2017
Barbara K. Burian, Lynne Martin
The functionality of electronic document systems should not change as regularly as their content, if at all. Certification needs to verify that document functions—access of documents for display, links, sensor inputs, software-driven reformatting, automatic computations, and so on—are predictable, consistent, accurate, and operate as intended. Currently the software, or functionality, of electronic checklists and documentation developed in aviation under US jurisdiction, is certified as “avionics software” according to AC 20–145 and the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics document 178B (RTCA DO-178B). DO-178B states that the software for aviation electronic documents of any kind will be held to the same criteria and treated in the same way with respect to certification as the flight management system or any other computer-driven system on the aircraft. Thus, aviation electronic software must be certified (rather than just approved) under Federal Aviation Regulation Part 25, subpart F.
Modern Methodology of Electric System Design Using Rapid-Control Prototyping and Hardware-in-the-Loop
Published in Katalin Popovici, Pieter J. Mosterman, Real-Time Simulation Technologies, 2017
Jean Bélanger, Christian Dufour
Although most aerospace applications do not necessitate the extremely short step sizes required in power generation or automotive applications, repeatability and accuracy of simulation results is crucial. Safety is a critical factor in the design of aerospace systems (Figure 9.11). Accordingly, aircraft manufacturers must conform to stringent industry standards. Developed by the U.S.-based Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics, the DO-178B standard establishes guidelines for avionics software quality and testing in real-world conditions [48]. DO-254 is a formal standard governing design of airborne electronic hardware [49].
Aerospace systems engineering and technology management
Published in Wesley Spreen, The Aerospace Business, 2019
Although safety-of-flight issues involving software occasionally arise, it is also true that the inherent safety of modern aircraft is immeasurably improved by avionics software, particularly flight control software, which is capable of detecting in-flight anomalies and taking immediate corrective action, often before problems are observed by human flight crews. The unfortunate 737 MAX experiences have emphasized to the industry and to its regulators that airborne software is particularly critical to flight safety, and requires meticulous testing and verification before it is certified.
A proposal of hazard analysis method using structured system theoretical process analysis
Published in SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration, 2023
Masakazu Takahashi, Daiki Morimoto, Yunarso Anang, Yoshimichi Watanabe
This section describes some researches applying STPA. Abdulkhaleq et al. proposed a software testing and model-checking approach for developing safe software using STPA [3]. In addition, Abdulkhaleq et al. proposed an integrated approach to achieve software safety for autonomous cars using STPA, and they clarified and provided checkpoints that engineers should be aware of when designing software [4]. Yang proposed a safety test framework for avionics software that consists of four phases: safety test planning, safety test design, safety test implementation, and safety test evaluation based on STPA [5]. Additionally, they proposed a method for extracting safety test requirements using STPA. Souza et al. proposed a method for realizing system model simulation and formal verification by combining STPA and the system modeling language SysML [6]. The proposed method was applied to an automatic door system, and the effectiveness of the proposed method was approved. Jiambo et al. analyzed the safety of the wheel brake system of an aircraft by applying STPA [7]. As a result, four types of unsafe control actions were identified and their factors were analyzed. By implementing the countermeasures for the factors, it became possible to break at the appropriate timing.
SysML-based compositional verification and safety analysis for safety-critical cyber-physical systems
Published in Connection Science, 2022
Jian Xie, Wenan Tan, Zhibin Yang, Shuming Li, Linquan Xing, Zhiqiu Huang
Safety-critical cyber-physical systems (SC-CPS) are complex systems often combining physical and mechanical components, networking and software (Mo et al., 2014; Varghese & Thampi, 2020). There are many well-known examples in different domains such as aircraft flight control, space missions, and nuclear systems. These systems are always designed with the properties such as high safety, high reliability, and strong real-time. Currently, Model-Driven Development (MDD) (Hause & Thom, 2007; Yu et al., 2020) is generally accepted as a key enabler for the design of SC-CPS. For example, in the guidance of civil avionics software certification DO-178C (Brosgol, 2011; DO-178C, 2011; Tim King & Bill Stclair, 2012), MDD (DO-331) (SC-205, 2011b) and formal methods (DO-333) (SC-205, 2011a) are considered as vital technology supplements.