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Anatomy & Embryology
Published in Manit Arya, Taimur T. Shah, Jas S. Kalsi, Herman S. Fernando, Iqbal S. Shergill, Asif Muneer, Hashim U. Ahmed, MCQs for the FRCS(Urol) and Postgraduate Urology Examinations, 2020
For each of the descriptions below, choose the most appropriate structure from the list above.Branch from the aorta at the level of L2Gives off the deep circumflex iliac and inferior epigastric arteriesGives rise to the superior vesical arteryFirst branch of the abdominal aortaDrains into the renal veinFound in 25% of individualsGives rise to the common hepatic arteryFinal branch of the aortaGives off the iliolumbar arteryLeaves through the greater sciatic foramen and then re-enters through the lesser sciatic foramen
Lower Limb
Published in Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno, Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology, 2018
Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno
The skin of the gluteal region is innervated by the cluneal nerves: The inferior cluneal nerves are branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, while the superior cluneal nerves and middle cluneal nerves are branches of the dorsal rami (Plate 5.1b). Apart from these cutaneous nerves, there are two major nerves in the gluteal region that provide motor innervation to muscles: The superior gluteal nerve runs superior to the piriformis muscle and the inferior gluteal nerve runs inferior to this muscle (Plate 5.7). Also inferior to the piriformis runs—together with the sciatic nerve and the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve—the pudendal nerve. The pudendal nerve is peculiar because it emerges from the greater sciatic foramen, wraps around the sacrospinous ligament, and then turns medially again to pass through the lesser sciatic foramen to enter the perineum together with the internal pudendal artery. As an aside, the name “pudendal” derives from the Latin word “puta,” which refers to the “shameful” supply/drainage of the anal and genital tissues by these vessels and nerves. These classical human anatomists either had a major hang-up about their sexuality or a great sense of humor.
Anatomy
Published in J. Richard Smith, Giuseppe Del Priore, Robert L. Coleman, John M. Monaghan, An Atlas of Gynecologic Oncology, 2018
Ernest F. Talarico, Jalid Sehouli, Giuseppe Del Priore, Werner Lichtenegger
The internal pudendal artery will course inferolaterally and exit along the inferior border of the piriformis muscle in the greater sciatic foramen. Then, it will pass around the ischial spine (or sacrospinous ligament), re-entering the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen. It exits near the pudendal canal giving rise to the perineal artery and the dorsal artery of the clitoris.
Clinical effect of computed guided pudendal nerve block for patients with premature ejaculation: a pilot study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2020
Fouad Aoun, Georges Mjaess, Joseph Assaf, Anthony Kallas Chemaly, Tonine Younan, Simone Albisinni, Fabienne Absil, Thierry Roumeguère, Renaud Bollens
Anatomically, the pudendal nerve is a branch of the sacral plexus [19–21]. It emerges from the S2, S3 and S4 roots, then departs the pelvis from the greater sciatic foramen along with the sciatic roots, between the sacrospinal and the sacrotuberous ligament, and re-enters the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen [19–21]. At this level, it releases a superior hemorroidal branch and then cruises through a duplication of the obturator muscle’s fascia called ‘Alcock’s canal’. The pudendal nerve gives rise at the exit of Alcock’s canal to three main branches which are the inferior rectal branch, the perineal branch and the dorsal sensory nerve of the penis or clitoris [19–21]. The pudendal nerve entrapment consists of a compression of this nerve especially between sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments (which constitutes the most common level of entrapment) or in Alcock’s canal [19–21].