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The Pathology of Human Schistosoma Haematobium Infection
Published in Max J. Miller, E. J. Love, Parasitic Diseases: Treatment and Control, 2020
Ureteritis cystic calcinosa is associated with S. haematobium infection, and is more frequent in severe urinary schistomiasis than mild disease. It is not associated with pyelonephritis.5,15 In Egypt, ureterolithiasis, but not nephrolithiasis, is also more common in patients with S. haematobium infections than in control subjects;5 here, the association between pyelonephritis and urolithiasis has been found.5,15 However, subsequent studies in other areas endemic for S. haematobium have failed to reveal an association between urinary schistosomiasis and urolithiasis.36–38 We conclude that the association found in Egypt is an epidemiologic, rather than a pathogenetic, relationship.1
Pathology of Human Bladder Cancer and Related Lesions
Published in George T. Bryan, Samuel M. Cohen, The Pathology of Bladder Cancer, 2017
Gilbert H. Friedell, George K. Nagy, Samuel M. Cohen
Enlargement of the central lumen within these nests results in cyst formation lined by stratified epithelium, usually retaining transitional cell characteristics or intermixed with columnar cells. This pattern is called cystitis (ureteritis) cystica (see Figure 18). These lesions are usually multiple and may involve ureters and urinary bladder simultaneously. Grossly the lesions appear as cysts protruding from the epithelium and the surrounding epithelium may be somewhat reddened. Occasionally the epithelial lining of Brunn’s nests undergoes glandular metaplasia. The cells may be columnar or cuboidal and often resemble colonic epithelium with goblet cells. This pattern is referred to as cystitis glandularis (see Figure 19). Similar to the finding with Brunn’s nests, small foci of cystitis cystica or glandularis can frequently be seen in aging individuals, even in the absence of known lower urinary tract disease.79–81 Because there is extensive overlap between the lesions of Brunn’s nests, cystitis (ureteritis) cystica, and cystitis (ureteritis) glandularis, these lesions have generally been grouped together and labelled as proliferative cystitis (ureteritis).
Test Paper 2
Published in Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike, Get Through, 2017
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike
Retrocaval ureter classically shows medial deviation at L3/4, returning to a more normal position anterior to the iliac vessels. Malakoplaki are rare plaque-like intramural lesions related to chronic UTI, affecting the bladder, ureter, collecting system and even renal parenchyma. They are not premalignant. Schistosomiasis and endometriosis typically cause multiple strictures, which can resemble multiple filling defects. Ureteritis cystica and pyeloureteritis cystica are fairly common post-inflammatory conditions resulting in ureteric filling defects. Other causes include multiple calculi (Steinstrasse), blood clots or multiple vascular collaterals.
64 MS-CTU: Review of techniques and spectrum of the ureteric diseases
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2018
Pyogenic ureteric infection was diagnosed in 8 patients (2%), through identification of the typical CT radiological signs in conjunction with the clinical picture and laboratory results. The radiological CT signs of acute ureteritis include edematous ureteral wall mural thickening with postcontrast enhancement and periureteral fat planes stranding. Long standing uncontrolled ureteritis may end with long segmental ureteral stricture, as seen in one patient in this study, which frequently needs ureteroscopic proof of not being neoplastic stricture25 (Fig. 9). Pyeloureteritis cystica, which is a chronic form of ureteritis, had been seen in only two old diabetic patients (0.5%) (Fig. 10). Ureteritis cystica usually develops secondary to chronic repeated urothelial irritation by frequent calcular passage with or without infectious diseases. Histologically, there will be multiple submucosal epithelial-lined cysts representing cystic Brunn cell nests, surrounded with lymphocytic infiltrates. Their CTU examinations (excretory phase) showed multiple uniform small cystic filling defects in the renal pelvis and the affected ureter (averaging few millimeters). However, similar or nearby presentation could be seen in more serious pathological conditions, like multifocal TCC or malakoplakia. Sometimes because of the small volume of the cysts, they can’t be reliably differentiated from small TCC soft tissue masses on CTU basis. Some radiological signs may support the diagnosis of pyeloureteritis cystica rather than TCC; such as being more numerous and tendency for upper ureteric affection, however ureteroscopic biopsy is still often needed.26