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Role of Amla (Emblica officinalis) in Peptic Ulcer
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Dilipkumar Pal, Souvik Mukherjee
There are two common types of PU, such as, GU and duodenal ulcer (DU).2 Ulcers generally occur in older persons. There are various symptoms, such as, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss in ulcer patients.1 DU occurs at the orifice of the small intestine with the burning sensation in the upper abdomen. Generally, pain takes place, when the stomach is empty and comforts after taking the food.4 The DU is more common in younger male persons. In the duodenum, ulcers may come into view on both the anterior and posterior walls. In some cases, PUs may be the living suggestions of violent behavior with symptoms, such as, bloody stool, serious abdominal pain and cramps with vomiting blood.18
Ulcers—Peptic/Gastroduodenal
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Medical treatment typically includes eliminating or reducing NSAIDs, if possible, and helping the ulcer heal with medications that lower stomach acid levels, as well as killing H. pylori bacterium if it is present.2
Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Lipoprotein Disorders and other Metabolic Diseases
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Infected ulcers require broad-spectrum antibiotics. Infected ulcers with >3 cm surrounding cellulitis may require IV broad-spectrum antibiotics and sometimes bed rest. Tissue culture samples from the ulcer base (rather than superficial swabs) are recommended to guide antibiotic therapy. In the absence of infection, healing is promoted by local debridement of callus, reduced walking and redistribution of weight over the foot by surgical shoes.
Protective effect of the solvent extracts of Portulacca oleracea against acidified ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rabbits
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Muhammad Shah Zeb Jan, Waqar Ahmad, Atif Kamil, Mir Azam Khan, Maqsood Ur Rehman, Irfan ullah, Muhammad Saeed Jan
Ulcer is an injury or sore in the mucous membrane or outer surface skin of the body. Ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum is a disease of digestive system that affect many people around the world (Sánchez-Mendoza et al.2011). It has been documented that fourteen million people throughout the world are suffering from gastric ulcer with a mortality rate of four million. Gastric ulcer occur as a result of imbalance between aggressive (alcohol, pepsin and acid secretion, poor diet, oxidative stress, NSAIDs and Helicobacter pylori) and protective factors (mucosal blood flow, mucus secretion, bicarbonate secretion and increased levels of antioxidants etc.) in the stomach (Zakaria et al.2016b). Gastric mucosa is damaged when aggressive factors “overcome” mucosal defensive mechanisms (Laine et al.2008).
Formononetin inhibits inflammation and promotes gastric mucosal angiogenesis in gastric ulcer rats through regulating NF-κB signaling pathway
Published in Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction, 2022
Lanjie Yi, Yan Lu, Shun Yu, Qian Cheng, Lanjuan Yi
Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disease that estimated to affect 4–5% people in the world [1]. It occurs mainly in the stomach and the proximal duodenum, which characterizes by a significant defect in the mucosal barrier, induction of oxidative stress, infiltration of neutrophils and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [2–4]. Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, alcohol, etc. can induce the occurrence and development of gastric ulcers [5]. Gastric ulcers can cause serious complications, such as perforation and bleeding, and even progress to gastric cancer if not treated in time [6]. Due to the side effects and drug resistance of conventional drug (clarithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole, etc.), efforts are being directed toward the identification of new treatments.
Mechanisms underlying the healing potentials of the methanol extract of Chasmanthera dependens stem on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2021
Abiola Stephanie Tijani, Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi, Samuel Babafemi Olaleye
Gastric ulcer is one of the leading chronic ailments of the gastrointestinal tract [1,2] caused by administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol consumption, stress, Helicobacter pylori, smoking and nutritional deficiencies [3]. Untreated gastric ulcers may gradually deteriorate and result in unexpected complications, such as bleeding or perforation [4,5]. Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic, antithrombotic and analgesic effects [6]. Its most common side effect is a gastrointestinal injury like gastric ulcers [7]. Mechanisms involved in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer include inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), an enzyme responsible for prostaglandins synthesis, generation of free radicals, neutrophil infiltration, inhibition of angiogenesis and induction of apoptosis [8–12]. Prostaglandins are cytoprotective agents in the gastric mucosa, they stimulate the secretion of bicarbonate and mucus, maintain mucosal blood flow, and regulate mucosal cell turnover and repair [13]. Inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis, especially prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by indomethacin and other members of the NSAIDs can slow down the healing process of gastric ulcers through their anti‑inflammatory activity [14].