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Curative Properties of Chamomile in Gastrointestinal Disorders
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Mouth ulcers are associated with a number of etiologies.20 Stomatitis is the main dose-limiting toxicity for chemotherapy regimens dependent on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus. There was a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 164 volunteers. At the time of their first 5-FU-based chemotherapy phase, patients were admitted into the study and randomized for 14 days of accepted chamomile liquid formulation three times in a day.18 In case of stomatitis, no significant difference was observed among the clinical trial volunteers. No toxicity was reported. The same outcome was acquired in this condition by other chamomile trials. The pre-study theory was not assisted by evidence of clinical studies that chamomile could decrease stomatitis induced by 5-FU. Whether chamomile is beneficial in this case, the findings remain unclear.
Mouth, tongue, lips and ears
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
These are the commonest cause of recurrent mouth ulcers. Single or multiple small round ulcers with a red margin last 7–10 days before healing spontaneously. They begin in the teens and may continue throughout life. Aphthous ulcers may rarely be associated with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or coeliac disease.
Experimental Stomatology
Published in Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy, Handbook of Experimental Stomatology, 2020
Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy
Rats on the suboptimal pantothenic acid diet were depressed in weight. The added zinc caused signs of severe poisoning: alopecia, dacryohemmorrhea, rusty, scrubby, and oily hair, anemia, and granulocytopenia. Optimal amounts of pantothenic acid were completely protective against the zinc-induced skin lesions. Ulceration of the tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate occurred in about 50% of the test animals. The tongue ulcers were mainly on the dorsum close to the midline between the tip and the posterior third and occasionally on the undersurface. Crusting and ulcer formation at the angles of the mouth was evidenced by about 67% of the animals. The ulcers were round or semicircular, frequently surrounded by a raised border. There was a close correlation between the occurrence of mouth ulcers and presence of severe skin lesions. Mouth ulcers began to appear in the 5th to 7th week of the experiment. About 51% of the rats had hyperkeratosis and loss of the filiform papillae in the tongue.
Impact of delay in diagnosis and treatment-initiation on disease stage and survival in oral cavity cancer: a systematic review
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2021
Benedicte Bitsch Lauritzen, Jakob Schmidt Jensen, Christian Grønhøj, Irene Wessel, Christian von Buchwald
The combination of patient and professional delay represents the total diagnostic delay [20]. One of the included studies (n = 100) found a correlation between total diagnostic delay and advanced stage cancer, while three of the included studies (n = 494) did not [14,15,20,24]. One study explains this by suggesting that the tumor might be ‘silent’ and the time of onset of symptoms may not correlate well with the true onset of disease [15]. To detect oral cavity cancer in early stages, Seoane et al. proposed that the focus should be on screening programs, thus detecting disease during asymptomatic phases [27]. Screening programs have already been implemented in countries such as Denmark where dentists are obligated to check the patients’ mucosa and forward patients with mouth ulcers to a head and neck department [31,32]. General practitioners in Denmark also have a screening obligation to forward patients to a specialist in case a mouth ulcer has been reported as being older than two weeks [33]. Moreover, professional training is thought to be important in detecting early-stage cancer. The study from Thailand by Kerdpon et al. found that about half of the patients were mismanaged on their first consultation and therefore suggests that professional training to recognize potentially malignant lesions should be prioritized [20].
An evaluation of apremilast for the treatment of adult patients with oral ulcers associated with Behçet’s syndrome
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted at 53 centers in 10 countries. Patients who were at least 18 years old, met the ISG criteria [14] and had active mouth ulcers that occurred at least three times in the previous 12 months despite the use of at least one non-biological treatment were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive apremilast 30 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. A total of 207 patients were included, with 104 receiving apremilast and 103 receiving placebo. A total of 96 patients (92%) receiving apremilast and 83 (81%) receiving placebo completed the 12-week placebo-controlled period.. All patients except one entered the extension phase, which lasted from week 12 to week 64. After that, regardless of whether or not they completed the trial, all participants were observed for a 4-week follow-up period. During the 12-week placebo-controlled phase, the primary outcome was the AUC for total number of oral ulcers. The mean AUC was 129.5±15.9 in the apremilast group and 222.1±15.9 in the placebo group (Table 1). The difference in AUC for the number of oral ulcers treated from baseline to week 12 was examined in several subgroups, and consistent results were found [10].
Challenges in diagnosing head and neck cancer in primary health care
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Markus Nieminen, Katri Aro, Antti Mäkitie, Vappu Harlin, Satu Kainulainen, Lauri Jouhi, Timo Atula
The European Head and Neck Society launched the Make Sense Campaign (MSC) in 2013 in order to inform the general public and PHC personnel about HNC [9]. The MSC campaign website provides information about risk factors and symptoms associated with HNC [9], while introducing a “1-for-3” rule regarding symptoms and their persistence. Symptoms include: 1. a sore tongue, non-healing mouth ulcers and/or red or white patches in the mouth; 2. pain in the throat; 3. persistent hoarseness; 4. painful and/or difficulty swallowing; 5. a lump in the neck; and 6.a blocked nose on one side and/or bloody discharge from the nose. The 1-for-3 rule states that, if a patient experiences one or more of the six most common HNC-related symptoms for more than three weeks, the GP should refer the patient to a head and neck specialist.