China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Unexplained Fever Associated with Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Intra-abdominal infection presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the clinician. The frequently hidden location of an abscess or other infection and the insidious and nonspecific clinical manifestations can easily mislead the physician. Unfortunately, delay in recognition and appropriate treatment produces an overall morbidity and mortality that are still quite high despite modern antimicrobial drugs.
Acute Cholangitis
Published in Stephen M. Cohn, Matthew O. Dolich, Kenji Inaba, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma, 2016
Adrian W. Ong, Shannon M. Foster
Current guidelines recommend a duration limited to 4–7 days for complicated intra-abdominal infections “unless it is difficult to achieve adequate source control” [19]. The level of evidence of this recommendation was III (based on expert opinion).
Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Admitted to the Critical Care Unit
Published in Cheston B. Cunha, Burke A. Cunha, Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Critical Care Medicine, 2020
Almudena Burillo, Patricia Muñoz, Emilio Bouza
Critical care for SOT candidates and recipients is often guided by medical and surgical intensive care unit protocols. A SOT patient usually carries a higher risk of infection than the standard non-immunocompromised patient. The key factors that a responsible physician needs to know regarding patient history are summarized in the acronym PHISIO:Patient:Type of transplant and how long ago it occurred. Surgical procedure: Technical details, anastomosis, etc. Genetic factors in the recipient (Human Leukocyte Antigen [HLA], pattern recognition receptors, and toll-like receptors). Level of immunosuppression.Medical History [12]: Infection status of the donor. Mismatch in transplant serology. Travel in the previous 3 months. Antibiotics in the previous 3 months. History of rejection. Administration of T-cell depleting therapy for induction or treatment of rejection. Recent sick contact, new sexual contact, or exposure to animals. Administration of antimicrobial prophylaxis at present. Dialysis at present.Diagnostic Syndrome [12]:Bloodstream infection. Central-line infection. Sepsis. Pneumonia. Intra-abdominal infection. Urinary tract infection (UTI). Other.Diagnostic Information: Tests ordered and information collected to establish etiology.Other.Management. Prevention.
Leukocytosis induced by tigecycline in two patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Published in British Journal of Biomedical Science, 2021
X Li, L Li, T Liu, X Hai, B Sun
Despite tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis being a rare phenomenon, the manufacturer of tigecycline (Wyeth) updated the product label by adding acute pancreatitis as one of the post-marketing adverse events in 2006 [9]. Although a high-volume centre of acute pancreatitis (more than 300 patients per year), these are the first cases of tigecycline-induced pancreatitis or exacerbation of acute pancreatitis we have encountered. In these two patients, complicated intra-abdominal infections were diagnosed with clinical symptoms, imaging features, auxiliary examination, and bacterial culture results. Based on the bacterial culture results and antimicrobial susceptibility test, tigecycline was the most suitable option. Meanwhile, the abdominal pain, amylase and lipase concentrations were screened during the treatment of this disease.
A combination of C-reactive protein and quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score has better prognostic accuracy than qSOFA alone in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Evgeni Dimitrov, Georgi Minkov, Emil Enchev, Krasimira Halacheva, Yovcho Yovtchev
Complicated intra-abdominal infections include a wide range of patient populations, which makes it difficult to suggest a general treatment regimen and shows the need of an individual approach to each patient. Sepsis remains important and leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cIAIs. Early and well-timed treatment can improve patients’ outcome [16], therefore there is an instant need of exact methods that can make early prognostic evaluation and define the aggressiveness of conservative treatment and surgical management. Over the years various prognostic scoring systems have been recommended, of which the full SOFA score (fSOFA) has been proven and included in the new SEPSIS 3 DEFINITIONS. Full SOFA score demonstrated better discrimination for in-hospital mortality than qSOFA or SIRS criteria in ICU patients with suspected infection [17].
Clinical risk factors and outcomes of massive ascites accumulation after discontinuation of peritoneal dialysis
Published in Renal Failure, 2020
Chien-Liang Chen, Nai-Ching Chen, Chih-Yang Hsu, Chien-Wei Huang, Po-Tsang Lee, Kang-Ju Chou, Hua-Chang Fang, Ming-Shan Chang
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a progressive inflammatory condition that leads to peritoneal membrane fibrosis and adhesion, with the most serious complication of intestinal obstruction and malnutrition [1–3]. The high morbidity and mortality associated with EPS make it the most serious complication associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Mortality of up to 100% has been reported in patients receiving PD for >15 years [4]. According to the ‘two-hit’ theory put forward by Honda and Oda [5], withdrawal of PD (the first hit) and bacterial peritonitis (the second hit) are important triggers for the onset of EPS. Their theory is supported by the fact that 63% of EPS cases develop within 1 year of PD withdrawal [6]. Some data on PD with refractory peritonitis have been reported [7,8]. Unresolved intra-abdominal infection is associated with adhesions. However, limited data are available on patients with PD withdrawal not due to refractory peritonitis.