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Medical Tourism/Travel in India: A Cost Comparison of Procedures with the United States
Published in Frederick J. DeMicco, Ali A. Poorani, Medical Travel Brand Management, 2023
Frederick J. DeMicco, Jackie Guzman
A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is another very expensive procedure in the U.S. CABG is also known as heart bypass or bypass surgery, and it is used to treat coronary artery disease. Those with coronary artery disease have plaque buildup on the arteries near their heart, so CABG is a procedure where an artery is taken from one part of the body to replace these blocked arteries (https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/coro-nary-artery-bypass-graft-surgery). In the U.S., a CABG costs about $77,177, (https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/most-expensive-medical-procedures-without-insurance/) while in India it only runs about $3,000–$9,500 (http://www.indiahealthcaretourism.com/average_cost_of_treatment.php).
Short-term rehabilitation after an acute coronary event
Published in K Sarat Chandra, AJ Swamy, Acute Coronary Syndromes, 2020
Manish Bansal, Rajeev Agarwala
The AHA has published a scientific statement regarding sexual activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases [37]. It makes the following recommendations for resumption of sexual activity following ACS: Sexual activity is reasonable 1 or more weeks after uncomplicated MI if the patient is without cardiac symptoms during mild to moderate physical activity (class IIa, level of evidence C).Sexual activity is reasonable for patients who have undergone complete coronary revascularisation (class IIa, level of evidence B) and may be resumed (a) several days after PCI if the vascular access site is without complications (class IIa, level of evidence C) or (b) 6 to 8 weeks after standard coronary artery bypass graft surgery, provided the sternotomy is well healed (class IIa, level of evidence B).For patients with incomplete coronary revascularisation, exercise stress testing can be considered to assess the extent and severity of residual ischaemia (class IIb, level of evidence C).Sexual activity should be deferred for patients with unstable or refractory angina until their condition is stabilised and optimally managed (class III, level of evidence C).
Analyzing and integrating a body of knowledge: Systematic reviews and meta-analysis of evidence
Published in Milos Jenicek, Foundations of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2019
Some proportional expression, conceptually close to etiological fraction or protective efficacy ratio, is represented by Einarson et al.'s 41 formula for computation of the effect size from the frequencies of outcomes (qualitative data) as already quoted in Section 11.3. They evaluated therapeutic efficacy of intradiscally-injected chymopapain in herniated lumbar disc sufferers. Elsewhere, Wortman and Yeaton67 evaluated the effectiveness of coronary artery bypass graft surgery by comparing numbers of angina-free subjects in surgically and medically treated patients. An angina-free period represented a ‘quality-of-life benefit’ in their study. Their formula for calculating the quality-of-life benefit (QLB) was:
Nanotechnological approach to delivering nutraceuticals as promising drug candidates for the treatment of atherosclerosis
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Sindhu C. Pillai, Ankita Borah, Eden Mariam Jacob, D. Sakthi Kumar
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), also known as coronary angioplasty, is performed by opening narrowed coronary arteries to place a stent thus improving the blood flow to the heart and mitigating chest pain. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) involves the grafting of a new artery to bypass the narrowed coronary arteries while boosting blood flow and preventing heart attacks. In the list of surgical methods, carotid endarterectomy is a common surgical process that involves the correction of the internal carotid artery by removing plaque build-up eventually restoring the blood flow to the brain. Surgical procedures of the blood vessel-blockade have achieved clinical success for many years, yet are also associated with numerous complications such as restenosis, in-stent restenosis, and late-stage clotting to name a few (Giannini et al., 2018).
Comparison of Transaortic and Subclavian Approaches for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with No Transfemoral Access Options
Published in Structural Heart, 2018
Asaad A. Khan, Jason C. Kovacic, Krysthel Engstrom, Allan Stewart, Anelechi Anyanwu, Sandeep Basnet, Melissa Aquino, Usman Baber, Luis Garcia, Umesh Gidwani, George Dangas, Annapoorna Kini, Samin Sharma
Baseline characteristics of both groups are reported in Table 1. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristic of both groups. Mean STS risk scores and patient age were similar: 11.33 versus 8.66; p = 0.13 and 84.7 years versus 82.6 years; p = 0.3 respectively. Over half the patients had prior percutaneous coronary intervention and approximately 20% had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery in both groups. Around 30% of patients had known peripheral vascular disease while other patients had significant ileofemoral disease demonstrated on CT scans. There were no significant echocardiographic differences between the two cohorts. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) as well as other parameters were similar in both groups. Patients in the TAo group had a comparatively smaller mean annular diameter by CT.
PCI after TAVR—What’s the Price of Reentry?
Published in Structural Heart, 2018
Jeong W. Choi, Jeffrey A. Southard, Garrett B. Wong, Reginald I. Low
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has dramatically transformed the treatment of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. This therapy was initially used to treat inoperable and high-risk patients and now includes intermediate-risk and in many countries, low-risk patients. Advances in pre-procedural evaluation of the patient, valve design, and improved procedural techniques have allowed the heart team to deliver consistent excellent results with low morbidity and mortality. The majority of patients undergoing TAVR are now treated with minimal sedation and are frequently discharged home in 1–2 days. Moreover, in patients undergoing TAVR, 40–75%1 have underlying coronary artery disease (CAD) and the optimal management and timing of coronary revascularization is now being defined. For CAD patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement, concomitant coronary artery bypass graft surgery is performed at the time of operation. Presently, in patients with CAD who are treated with TAVR, the heart team reviews the angiogram, clinical symptoms, and develops a strategy regarding the need for percutaneous revascularization before TAVR.