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Physical inactivity and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Across the world, physical inactivity is one of the leading causes of death, responsible for five million deaths every year (Kohl et al., 2012). In the UK, it is thought to cause one in six deaths and one in 10 premature deaths (British Heart Foundation, 2017). One of the earliest studies to investigate this phenomenon was the College Alumni Study, which investigated whether activity prolonged life (Paffenbarger et al., 1986). Between 1962 and 1978 researchers followed 16,936 men for between 12 and 16 years and found that those who undertook more walking, stair climbing and sports, burning over 2,000 calories per week, lived longer than those who did not, independent of their smoking, high blood pressure or body weight. For example, of those who entered the study at age 50 to 54 years old, 69.9% of the active men were living at 80 years old compared to 59.8% of the relatively inactive men.
In-Patient Rehabilitation of the Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patient and the Heart Transplantation Patient
Published in Mary C. Singleton, Eleanor F. Branch, Advances in Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, 2018
Since most patients encounter stairs either at home or in daily activities, stair climbing is a regular component of the progressive activity program. Dion et al.3 found that hypotension, as defined by an exercise-induced drop in the systolic blood pressure of more than 10 mm Hg, occurred more often after stair climbing than after treadmill ambulation or range of motion exercises; therefore, it is recommended that patients be closely supervised while performing stair-climbing activities.
Exercise and rehabilitation
Published in Clive Handler, Gerry Coghlan, Marie-Anne Essam, Preventing Cardiovascular Disease in Primary Care, 2018
Clive Handler, Gerry Coghlan, Marie-Anne Essam
It does not matter whether exercise is done inside or outside the home. Treadmills are useful because they allow increases in speed and inclination and result in less impact trauma to the leg and foot joints. Low impact treadmill walking can be achieved by walking up a manageable incline, rather than jogging or running on the level. Cycling and stair climbing should also be encouraged and are useful forms of exercise.
The effects of resistance exercise on body composition and physical function in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: an update systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in The Aging Male, 2022
Siyu Tian, Meng Ding, Hongfu Sun
ADT is associated with decreased function, impaired homeostasis, and decreased strength, affecting the risk of falls and activities of daily living (ADL). Therefore, maintaining basic physical functions is very important for PCa. Stair climbing ability and lower limb strength were closely related to patients’ quality of daily life. The combined results showed that RE significantly improved stair climbing ability and LEG press. Nilsen et al. [25] reported that after 16 weeks of sitting machine RE, the patient’s stair climbing ability significantly improved. Leg Press indicators reflect lower extremity muscle strength levels, and Jacqueline et al. [24] reported significant improvement in lower extremity strength after RE intervention in the exercise group. Increased muscle strength in the lower extremities implies an increased margin of safety before the disability threshold and may help reduce the risk of morbidity, such as the risk of falls and fractures [32,33] and mortality [34]. A reduced risk of death was also associated with performance on stair climbing tests [35]. Therefore, the improvement of Leg Press and STAIR Climb is of great significance in improving the adverse effects of ADT.
Rehabilitation interventions to reduce the risk of falls in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review of the literature
Published in Physical Therapy Reviews, 2020
Claire Maier, Jack Trabue, Katie Farley, Jaime Paz, Alysha Walter
The strategies to address fall risk in the paper by Cadore et al., [32] are similar to those reported by Crişan et al., [7] in the population with COPD. These included: 1) Resistance training programs conducted two to three times per week, with sets of 8-12 repetitions of 20-80% of a 1 repetition max (RM); 2) endurance training consisted of walking with pace changes, treadmill walking and step-ups. Stair climbing and stationary cycling could also be included, but the authors recommend starting with a duration of 5-10 min and progressing to 15-30 min. 3) Balance training included tandem foot walking, multi-directional weight lifts, heel to toe walking, stepping, unilateral stance, weight transfers and modified Tai Chi. Strategies should include multi-component training and gradual increased intensity, volume and complexity. The training strategy should also incorporate strength, endurance and balance exercises. As balance deficits in patients with COPD result from a wide variety of factors including reduced strength, aerobic capacity, and decreased postural control, then interventions that address all of these aspects may be beneficial to include in each patient’s exercise programs [7]. The results of our systematic review shared similarities to the findings reported by Crisan et al. [7]. Tables 3 & 4 outline the various interventions reported in the eight articles included in this review. The most common interventions were strength training, postural education, breathing retraining, aerobic endurance, and static/dynamic balance activities.
Benefits of direct patient discharge to outpatient physical therapy after total knee arthroplasty
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2020
Jesse C. Christensen, Roger J. Paxton, Carol Baym, Jeri E. Forster, Michael R. Dayton, Craig A. Hogan, Jennifer E. Stevens-Lapsley
Patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis who underwent total knee arthroplasty and were discharged directly to outpatient physical therapy program demonstrated significantly greater improvements in functional performance, strength and residual knee pain outcomes compared to patients who received home health physical therapy prior to initiating outpatient physical therapy. Data from the present study demonstrated less pronounced declines in stair climbing ability, functional mobility, walking endurance, and quadriceps and hamstrings strength 1 month after total knee arthroplasty. These findings suggest that patients discharged directly to an outpatient setting recovered more rapidly compared to undergoing home health physical therapy prior to outpatient physical therapy. However, future investigations are needed to determine if the content and timing of outpatient therapy is causally related to patients’ recovery trajectory relative to the home environment.