China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Physiology of Sleep and Sleep Disorders
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Chronic insomnia disorder is defined by symptoms at least three times per week for a duration of 3 months, and is usually only made when the insomnia is especially prominent or unexpectedly prolonged, and under assessment or treatment. It combines a number of categories previously defined as psychophysiological insomnia, idiopathic insomnia, sleep-state misperception and inadequate sleep hygiene.22
Sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome
Published in S.R. Pandi-Perumal, Meera Narasimhan, Milton Kramer, Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine, 2017
Gotts Zoe Marie, Ellis Jason, Newton Julia
Several of the studies mentioned earlier have used a combination of objective sleep assessment with subjective measures of patient’s sleep.25,65,66 These triangulation studies demonstrate interesting discrepancies between what emerges in subjective and objective measures. Overall, CFS patients report poorer sleep quality and more non-restorative sleep than healthy and non-fatigued controls, but objectively they appear to have close to normal sleep architecture (structure and pattern of sleep) or macrostructure (temporal organization of sleep). Similarly, CFS patients report more subjective sleepiness, yet objective measures (MSLTs) of sleepiness do not tend to differ between CFS twins and their healthy co-twins.66 These discrepancies between subjective daytime complaints and objectively measured sleep are also common in individuals with insomnia, which is often described as sleep-state misperception (SSM; i.e., perceiving sleep as wakefulness/overestimating sleep). Such sleep misperception has been explained by the neurocognitive model of insomnia, emphasizing that brain cortical arousal is a central component whereby both physiological and cognitive arousal arises from increased cortical arousal around the sleep-onset period.100
Sleep Restriction as Therapy for Insomnia
Published in Clete A. Kushida, Sleep Deprivation, 2004
Charles M. Morin, Melanie LeBlanc, Meagan Daley
SRT is indicated for the management of chronic insomnia (primary or secondary) involving difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep (30). Individuals with fragmented sleep or even with sleep state misperception may also be responsive to this approach by gaining a more consolidated and deeper sleep and, perhaps, improving the perception of having slept. On the other hand, sleep restriction is not indicated for individuals with sleep apnea or other conditions producing excessive daytime sleepiness or for patients with a bipolar disorder, and special caution is needed with patients for whom daytime alertness cannot be compromised (e.g., transport drivers, emergency staff). Sleep restriction is also contraindicated for patients with insomnia complaints when there is additional evidence of night terrors or sleepwalking; the possible increase in slow-wave sleep produced by sleep restriction might increase the propensity of the parasomnia.
Exploring Predictors of Sleep State Misperception in Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2023
Kimberly A. Arditte Hall, Kimberly B. Werner, Michael G. Griffin, Tara E. Galovski
Most research on sleep in PTSD suggests that self-reported sleep disturbance is more severe than what is objectively observed. Meta-analytic findings indicate large differences in self-reported sleep disturbance between individuals with PTSD and healthy controls (Cox & Olatunji, 2020). In contrast, the same meta-analysis found only a medium effect for worse sleep continuity, a small effect for decreased sleep depth, and non-significant effects for shorter total sleep time (TST) and rapid eye movement (REM) pressure in PTSD (Cox & Olatunji, 2020). Another recent meta-analysis on sleep measured with actigraphy found that individuals with and without PTSD did not differ in their TST, sleep onset latency (SOL), waking after sleep onset (WASO), or sleep efficiency (SE; Lewis et al., 2020). The tendency to report greater sleep disturbance than what is objectively observed has been termed sleep state misperception; it is also referred to as subjective insomnia or, clinically, as paradoxical insomnia (American Academy of Sleep Medicine [APA], 2005). Of the few studies that have examined sleep state misperception in PTSD, almost all have documented the presence of this phenomenon and/or more pronounced sleep state misperception in participants with PTSD vs. trauma- and non-trauma exposed control participants (Ghadami et al., 2015; Hurwitz et al., 1998; Klein et al., 2003; Kobayashi et al., 2012; Slightam et al., 2018).
Polysomnographic and psychometric correlates of napping in primary insomnia patients
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2020
Marianna Mazza, Leonardo Lapenta, Anna Losurdo, Giuseppe Marano, Elisa Testani, Luigi Janiri, Salvatore Mazza, Giacomo Della Marca
In order to quantify sleep-state misperception, we used the only measure previously described in literature, the Misperception Index (MI) [32]. MI was computed using the following formula [27]: