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Lifestyle and Diet
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
For hard insomnia, consulting a specialist is necessary. There are many drugs to fight insomnia such as barbiturates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, melatonin, and so on (93). Their therapeutic effects are immediate, but their side effects are also important. Only the doctor can determine the necessary dosage and the duration of the treatment. Do not abuse these drugs. In terms of alternative medicine, acupuncture may be helpful to treat chronic insomnia, but this therapy is still not recognized by healthcare organizations (100). The results of this practice depend on the specialist. However, acupuncture does not give side effects. For hypersomnia and narcolepsy, no treatment can cure these two sleep disorders.
Sleep Disorders during the Menstrual Cycle
Published in Zippi Dolev, Mordechai Zalesch, Judy Kupferman, Sleep and Women's Health, 2019
Zippi Dolev, Mordechai Zalesch, Judy Kupferman
Sleep disturbances during PMS usually appear 2–3 days before menstruation, most often in the form of insomnia (difficulty falling asleep or frequent episodes of waking up during the night and consequent tiredness during the day). Often, the symptoms may be the exact opposite, hypersomnia (i.e., oversleeping).
Classification of sleep disorders
Published in S.R. Pandi-Perumal, Meera Narasimhan, Milton Kramer, Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine, 2017
Idiopathic hypersomnia is now a single entity with elimination of the two ICSD-2 hypersomnia disorders that had specific sleep duration criteria. Idiopathic hypersomnia disorder requires sleepiness for at least 3 months and either an MSLT mean sleep latency of 8 minutes or less or a nocturnal sleep duration of at least 660 minutes. The ICSD-2 category of recurrent hypersomnia has been reduced to a single entry of Kleine–Levin syndrome, with a subtype of menstrual-related Kleine–Levin syndrome.8 The sleepiness must persist for 2 days to 5 weeks, and at least once every 18 months. There can be only one symptom with sleepiness consisting of cognitive dysfunction, altered perception, eating disorder, or disinhibited behavior. Normal alertness and cognitive function must be present between episodes. Hypersomnia due to a medical disorder requires an association of sleepiness with any underlying medical or neurological disorder. Seven subtypes are mentioned: hypersomnia secondary to Parkinson’s disease; posttraumatic hypersomnia; genetic disorders associated with primary central nervous system somnolence; hypersomnia secondary to brain tumors, infections, or other central nervous system lesions; hypersomnia secondary to endocrine disorder; hypersomnia secondary to metabolic encephalopathy; and residual hypersomnia in patients with adequately treated OSA.
A Latent Profile Analysis of Sleep, Anxiety, and Mood in Youth with Craniopharyngioma
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2022
Sara M. Witcraft, Molly E. Wickenhauser, Kathryn M. Russell, Belinda N. Mandrell, Heather M. Conklin, Thomas E. Merchant, Valerie McLaughlin Crabtree
The novel findings of the present study contribute to the understanding of craniopharyngioma-related morbidity but have not yet uncovered how these varying sleep profiles may be related to daytime functioning. Although we did not find a significant relationship between disrupted sleep and anxiety or depression in patients with craniopharyngioma, our patients would still likely benefit from interventions to improve nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness. Preliminary evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy for hypersomnia (CBT-H) is efficacious for reducing hypersomnia (Ong et al., 2020). CBT-H is a modular and idiographic intervention for daytime sleepiness that uses behavioral (e.g., scheduled naps) and cognitive strategies (e.g., enhancing cognitive flexibility) to maintain valued living and improve health-related quality of life (Ong et al., 2020). Although CBT-H has only been examined in an adult population to date, the individual components are efficacious in the treatment of sleep disturbance (Harvey, 2016) in youth. Providers may consider incorporating individual or group CBT-H for youth with craniopharyngioma to reduce daytime sleepiness and enhance quality of life. Further research implementing cognitive-behavioral interventions for hypersomnia in youth is needed to provide pertinent information about the benefits of targeting sleep on daily functioning.
How Does Narcolepsy Impact Health-Related Quality of Life? A Mixed-Methods Study
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2021
Jason C. Ong, Rina S. Fox, Rylee F. Brower, Sophia Mazurek, Cameron Moore
Currently, there are no formal interventions directly aimed at improving HRQoL in PWN. To address this clinical need, our lab has begun work on developing a psychosocial intervention for PWN following a phased approach recommended for behavioral treatment development (Czajkowski et al., 2015; Rounsaville, Carroll, & Onken, 2001). In an early Phase I study, we examined the need and potential interest in non-pharmacological approaches to help improve psychosocial functioning and symptom management in people with hypersomnia (Neikrug et al., 2016). Between 61% and 91% endorsed at least one cardinal symptom of depression and anxiety. Furthermore, 73.9% reported being “somewhat” or “extremely” interested in learning cognitive and behavioral strategies for improving psychosocial functioning and managing symptoms of narcolepsy. These data provide support for the interest and acceptability of a psychosocial intervention for narcolepsy.
Epidemiology of objectively measured bedtime and chronotype in US adolescents and adults: NHANES 2003–2006
Published in Chronobiology International, 2018
Jacek K. Urbanek, Adam P. Spira, Junrui Di, Andrew Leroux, Ciprian Crainiceanu, Vadim Zipunnikov
An important limitation of OBT is that it does not contain the activity levels and fragmentation of rest/wake during time-in-bed because the device is simply off during this period. Therefore, the OBT features should be interpreted as measures of bedtime and not of sleep. Another limitation is that not all subjects had seven days of data, which could be due to lack of compliance or equipment failure. Thus, OBT measurements are available for valid days/nights only. Data availability needs to be taken into consideration when calculating and interpreting characteristics of within-week chronobiology, including weekend bedtime delay and weekend oversleep (Zhang et al. 2016). Further, we followed the accepted NHANES protocol for estimation of sleep durations by limiting the maximum duration of OBT to 14 hours. This may have resulted in the exclusion of participants with hypersomnia. However, the prevalence of such individuals in the population is expected to be very low (Coleman et al. 1982; Dauvilliers and Buguet 2005).