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Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Caring for sexual assault victim-survivors on college campuses
Published in Rachel E. Lovell, Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Sexual Assault Kits and Reforming the Response to Rape, 2023
Candice N. Selwyn, Carolyn Dolan, Sarah Koon-Magnin, Tres Stefurak, Alison Rudd
Congruent with the findings discussed above, women and transgender, non-binary, and/or gender-questioning students were especially likely to endorse these concerns. Transgender, non-binary, and/or gender-questioning students were also much more likely to report concern their gender would result in their report being minimized or misunderstood (Cantor et al., 2020). Regarding the belief the assault was “not serious enough,” students noted factors such as:not experiencing a physical injury as a result of the assault,involvement of alcohol, initial consent during the sexual encounter,the belief “events like this seem common,” andexperiences of involuntary arousal during sexual assault (Cantor et al., 2020).
Syphilis
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Treponema pallidum is easily transmitted by sexual contact, and an overwhelming majority of cases are transmitted by sexual intercourse. Endemic syphilis is transmitted non-venerally by close contact with an active lesion and occurs in communities living under poor hygiene conditions. Syphilis is rarely transmitted during transfusion of blood or blood products or through needle sharing by intravenous drug abusers. The organism generally enters the body through small breaches in epithelial surfaces of genital, anorectal, oropharyngeal, or other cutaneous sites; however; penetration of intact mucous membranes can occur. Once inside the body it rapidly disseminates. The incubation period for T. pallidum averages 3 weeks, but can range 10–90 days. During the incubation period infected patients have, by definition, neither clinical nor serologic evidence of disease but are potentially infectious. The period of greatest infectivity is early in the disease when a chancre, mucous patch, or condyloma latum is present. Infectivity decreases over time, and after 4 years it is very unlikely that an untreated individual will spread syphilis, even by sexual contact. The risk of infection during a single sexual encounter with an infected individual is up to 60% depending on the stage of disease, and approaches 100% after five sexual encounters [8].
“He got down on one knee”
Published in Beverley Clough, Jonathan Herring, Disability, Care and Family Law, 2021
This tension between the criminal and civil law in relation to consent to sex has not yet been fully resolved, and there are some persuasive arguments that it cannot (and perhaps should not) be.23 The divergence between the two tests is often argued to arise because they are asking different questions:24 in criminal law, the question of consent (or capacity to consent) is directed at a specific sexual encounter at a previous point in time; in the Court of Protection, the question is directed to whether the person has the necessary understanding of sexual relations to be able to consent to a sexual encounter in the future.25
STIs and Stigma: Effects of STI Diagnoses and Sexual/Gender Minority Identity on Perceptions of Potential Partners
Published in American Journal of Sexuality Education, 2023
Rebecca E. Sanchez, Megan M. Ringel, Katherine L. Goldey
The stigma around STIs can create unhealthy patterns, such as reluctance to get tested (Denison et al., 2017; Garcia et al., 2021; Thomas et al., 2020), leading individuals to fail to receive treatment. Additionally, the stigma around STIs creates fear of social rejection and fear about future sexual interactions, which in turn may contribute to difficulty with disclosure of STI status (Myers et al., 2016; Smith et al., 2008). In a study in which participants imagined that they had just been diagnosed with an STI after a condomless sexual encounter, many participants indicated they would keep the diagnosis to themselves and not tell anyone, contrasting with the results of participants who imagined a non-sexually transmitted diagnosis. Participants in the STI condition also displayed feelings of distress pertaining to future relationships (Smith et al., 2008).
A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of Childhood Interpersonal Trauma and Dispositional Mindfulness: Heterogeneity of Sexual and Relational Outcomes in Adulthood
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2022
Éliane Dussault, Marianne Girard, Mylène Fernet, Natacha Godbout
Participants completed an online survey assessing CIT, mindfulness, and sexual and relational well-being hosted by LimeSurvey, a secure survey platform. Eligibility criteria included being over 18 years old and having had at least one consensual sexual encounter. Then, to better understand the different profiles and focus on the specificity of CSA, all participants who experienced CSA were invited to complete a qualitative semi-structured interview (mean duration of 1.5 hours) addressing family history and CIT (e.g., “I would like you to tell me more about your family life when you were a kid and a teenager”), as well as sexual and relational well-being (e.g., “Can you tell me what sexuality represents for you?”). Individuals interested in participating in the qualitative component of the study (n = 66) were contacted by e-mail. Of these, one did not meet the inclusion criteria, one declined to participate, and 13 either did not follow up on the invitation or were experiencing personal difficulties at the time of data collection. Participants were interviewed in person or virtually to facilitate inclusion regardless of geographic location. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. The study was approved by the Université du Québec à Montréal’s institutional research ethics board.
A Qualitative Examination of Withdrawing Sexual Consent, Sexual Compliance, and Young Women’s Role as Sexual Gatekeepers
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2022
Aryn A. Benoit, Scott T. Ronis
A recurring theme that emerged during most interviews regarding sexual consent was that women felt responsible for providing their consent or non-consent to the sexual advances of their male counterparts. More specifically, there was a common assumption that men were responsible for pursuing women, whereas women were responsible for saying yes or no to their advances. For example, Brook, a 22-year-old, bisexual woman stated: “Boys aren’t taught the same things girls are taught, we’re [girls] taught to be afraid…they’re [boys] taught, go get ‘em tiger, she wants to be touched like that…there’s more responsibility on females to say no.” Rebecca echoed a similar sentiment when discussing a recent experience of trying to end a sexual encounter. She explained that: “[even when you say no,] they’re just trying to convince you but then it comes across sometimes as like really pushy. So, then I feel like it’s up to me. Like, if I really don’t want to, to leave, or like, don’t give them a wishy-washy answer, just a yes or a no.” The experiences of women like Brook and Rebecca demonstrate gendered roles within sexually intimate interactions, such that men are the pursuers of sexual activity and women are the gatekeepers, responsible for deciding whether or not they will consent to the sexual advances of their male partners.