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Infertility
Published in J Kellogg Parsons, E James Wright, The Brady Urology Manual, 2019
Vas (ductus) deferens: Arterial supply = deferential artery from inferior vesicularNerve supply = sympathetic and parasympathetic from hypogastric plexus via presacrai nerve.11,12
Pelvis and perineum
Published in David Heylings, Stephen Carmichael, Samuel Leinster, Janak Saada, Bari M. Logan, Ralph T. Hutchings, McMinn’s Concise Human Anatomy, 2017
David Heylings, Stephen Carmichael, Samuel Leinster, Janak Saada, Bari M. Logan, Ralph T. Hutchings
The ureter enters the pelvis by crossing the external iliac vessels at the pelvic brim and then runs inferiorly on the lateral pelvic wall anterior to the internal iliac artery before turning forwards anteriorly (crossed superficially by the ductus deferens or uterine artery) to enter the bladder and open at the posterior angle of the trigone. The ductus deferens runs down the lateral pelvic wall anteriorly.
The Reproductive System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
The sperm cells are excreted from the testicle through the ductus deferens (or vas deferens). In conjunction with a bundle of other fibrous and vascular structures, the ductus deferens is part of the spermatic cord suspending the testicles. After passing through the inguinal canal and over the iliac vessels, the duct turns downward toward the posterior surface of the bladder. The ductus deferens then becomes dilated into the ampulla (Latin for "bottle," the same source as the pharmaceutical term "ampul"), which is connected to the seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicle gets its name from the Latin for "seed bladder," which is at least partly appropriate. It does not store sperm cells (or "seed"); instead, this glandular outgrowth of the ductus deferens contributes a secretion to the seminal fluid in which the sperm cells are suspended. The seminal fluid from the testicles and the secretions of the seminal vesicle combine to form semen. Both the ampulla and the seminal vesicle narrow at the base of the bladder and join to form the ejaeulatory duct and enter the prostate gland.
Re-determination of upper reference range of follicular stimulating hormone in infertile men
Published in Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2020
Muharrem Ozkaya, Unal Oztekin, Mehmet Caniklioglu, Oguz Ekmekcioglu
Exclusion criteria were hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (45 cases), unilateral or bilateral vasal agenesis (89 cases), obstructive azoospermia (63 cases), incomplete patient records (222 cases), palpable varicocele or varicocele cases which diagnosed with Doppler ultrasound (478 cases), chemo and/or radiotherapy due to a malignancy, chronic disease which may affect spermatogenesis or hormonal parameters (12 cases). Hypogonadotropic patients, oncologic cases and chronic diseases were excluded because of their potential of affecting spermatogenesis or hormonal parameters. Vasal agenesis and obstructive azoospermia cases were excluded because they might be confusing for the evaluation of semen analyzes (Diagnosis of all obstructive cases were corroborated by normal hormone levels accompany with low seminal volume, after performing a meticulous physical examination of ductus deferens). Also, varicocele cases would be confusing for both the evaluation of semen parameters and hormonal parameters. So, data of eligible 1893 cases were included in the study.
Epididymal ultrastructural changes associated with chronic cholestasis after bile duct ligation in adult rats
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2018
Yomna I. Mahmoud, Faten S. Abo-Zeid
The epididymis is a long convoluted ductal system that connects the testis to the ductus deferens. It provides an optimal milieu for the maturation of spermatozoa and their storage in viable state.8 It also depends greatly on androgens to maintain its structure and function.9 Testosterone insufficiency has been previously reported in association with chronic cholestasis.7 Based on the fact that androgen deprivation affects the epididymal structure9,10, the current study aimed to evaluate the epididymal ultrastructural alterations associated with chronic cholestasis, which have never been tested before.
Suppression of prostate cancer and amelioration of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through selective immunoproteasome inhibition
Published in OncoImmunology, 2023
Julia Koerner, Dennis Horvath, Franziska Oliveri, Jun Li, Michael Basler
Mice were s.c. treated with vehicle or ONX 0914 at a respective dose of 10 mg/kg three times a week. Mice were monitored for clinical signs of illness, especially abdominal tumors. Surgical castration was performed under isoflurane anesthesia at 24 weeks of age. Bilateral testes were removed through a scrotal midline incision by cauterizing the ductus deferens. The incision was closed by sterile suture. Longitudinal inhibitor treatment was started 4 weeks after castration as described above. PC-related mortality and euthanasia were assessed as described above, 26 weeks after castration.