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Functional Neurology
Published in James Crossley, Functional Exercise and Rehabilitation, 2021
Efficient athletes transform elastic energy and maximize stretch reflexes within movement, enabling them to conserve energy and produce extraordinary power. Plyometric training using jumping, hopping and bounding movements was a popular methodology in the 1980’s to develop plyometric power. But be aware, the forces created in eccentric loading are huge. Plyometric training caused many an athlete to be injured.
Biochemistry of Exercise Training: Effects on Bone
Published in Peter M. Tiidus, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paul J. LeBlanc, Andrea R. Josse, The Routledge Handbook on Biochemistry of Exercise, 2020
Panagiota Klentrou, Rozalia Kouvelioti
It is well established that individuals of all ages and sexes who participate in sports or physical exercise have higher bone mass, bone strength, and a greater osteogenic potential compared to individuals who are not physically active (4, 32, 129). In particular, individuals of all ages and sexes who participate in high-impact dynamic sports which apply various directional impacts have a higher osteogenic response compared to other individuals participating in less impactful exercise (32). For example, plyometric exercise encompasses explosive jumping and mechanical force that can generate force up to seven times an individual's body weight (48). Due to the high mechanical load on bone, which activates bone remodelling, plyometric exercise is considered the most valued modality of exercise for improving bone mass. Previously, one study has shown positive changes in bone mass and reduction in the deterioration of BMD in a population of post-menopausal women as a result of a plyometric exercise intervention (148). However, there are limited data in older populations, including post-menopausal women, on the bone response to acute plyometric exercise protocols.
Soft Tissue Surgery of the Knee
Published in Timothy W R Briggs, Jonathan Miles, William Aston, Heledd Havard, Daud TS Chou, Operative Orthopaedics, 2020
Stephen Key, Jonathan Miles, Richard Carrington
A goal-based rehabilitation regime, with progression determined by meeting specific clinical and functional targets, is preferred over one with activities allowed at specific times. Regaining single-leg balance and muscle strength is started with simple body-weight exercises such as lunges and squats, progressing to a gym-based regime. Running, jumping, hopping and agility activities can commence when strength and balance goals are achieved, followed by a return to sport-specific exercises and training tailored to the individual. Return to sport is typically a minimum of 9 months postoperatively, provided the functional goals are achieved. It is recommended that athletes participate in an injury prevention programme for as long as they continue to participate in sport. There are a number of prevention programmes available, but they should incorporate plyometric, balance and strengthening exercises and be performed for at least 10 minutes before every sport session.
Effectiveness of Physical Therapy Interventions in Children with Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: A Systematic Review
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2023
Mariana Aguiar de Matos, Deisiane Oliveira Souto, Bruno Alvarenga Soares, Vinícius Cunha de Oliveira, Hércules Ribeiro Leite, Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
Plyometric training associated to conventional physical therapy was also reported in our systematic review.24 Plyometrics refer to exercises involving the stretch shortening cycle, that is, a quick stretching of the musculature followed by a fast-concentric action. Plyometric movement requires fewer motor units and less oxygen utilization to gain strength compared to concentric or eccentric contractions. This allows the recruitment of additional motor units to produce more strength and makes the muscles more resistant to fatigue.32 The additional effect of this intervention promoted similar benefits to the conventional physical therapy intervention, but the percentage of improvement was greater for active range of motion and muscle strength in children from 3–6 years with Erb’s palsy.24 Many plyometric movements resemble those found in typical children’s play33 and add fun to children who tend to dislike prolonged periods of monotonous training.34
Rehabilitation of a patient with bilateral rectus abdominis full thickness tear sustained in recreational strength training: a case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Omer B. Gozubuyuk, Ceylan Koksal, Esin N. Tasdemir
Maquirriain, Ghisi, and Kokalj (2007) described a rehabilitation program with their prospective cohort of 21 competitive tennis players sustaining a RA muscle injury (18 males, 3 females, mean age: 21.3). Their program consisted of: 1) control of pain and inflammation, rest; 2) isometric strengthening and stretching; 3) concentric strengthening; 4) eccentric-plyometric strengthening; and 5) prevention of re-injury. They emphasized that the eccentric-plyometric strengthening phase of rehabilitation facilitated the functional recovery of their athletes. The mean return-to-sport time was 4.5 weeks (range 2–8 weeks) for their cohort. There were no re-injuries during their 13 months of follow-up. We did not include eccentric-plyometric exercises for our sedentary patient since he was not a competitive athlete and this level of physical capacity was above his pre-injury status.
Ten Days of Curcumin Supplementation Attenuates Subjective Soreness and Maintains Muscular Power Following Plyometric Exercise
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2022
Angela R. Hillman, Alexa Gerchman, Erin O’Hora
Exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD) is especially common after unaccustomed or intense exercise, or exercise that involves eccentric muscle actions (Proske and Morgan 2001). Plyometric exercises, which involve rapid, repetitive, and explosive movements (e.g. drop jumps), often leads to EIMD, oxidative stress, and inflammation. EIMD immediately post exercise reduces strength production up to 60% and power production up to 15% (Byrne and Eston 2002). While the inflammatory process following exercise is necessary for adaptation (Margaritelis et al. 2018), it is thought that left uncontrolled, it can lead to secondary damage and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). DOMS typically peaks between 24-72 h after exercise and reduces neuromuscular functions such as strength, range of motion, and power and causes stiffness and swelling (Howell et al. 1993; Byrne et al. 2004), all of which can affect athletic performance. While eccentric-biased exercises such as plyometrics can lead to EIMD and DOMS, plyometric training can be beneficial by improving jump performance (Racil et al. 2016; Stojanović et al. 2017; Li et al. 2019), change of direction ability (Asadi et al. 2016), and running economy (Li et al. 2019). Given that plyometric exercise has become popular and effective modality for training sports-specific power (de Villarreal et al. 2009; Cormie et al. 2011), particularly in-season (Faude et al. 2013; Chelly et al. 2015), it is important to investigate ways to mitigate the DOMS that will result from this type of exercise, especially for individuals who have short recovery periods between bouts.