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Injury prevention in football
Published in Peter Krustrup, Daniel Parnell, Football as Medicine, 2019
Mario Bizzini, Oliver Faude, Jiri Dvorak
A recent systematic review and meta-analysis reported beneficial adaptations in various neuromuscular performance markers, e.g. balance/stability measures, leg power and isokinetic hamstring and quadriceps strength as well as hamstringto-quadriceps ratio, but also in sprint abilities and sport-specific skills as a result of multimodal injury prevention programmes (Faude et al. 2017). Similarly, there is evidence that injury prevention programmes focusing on core stability, leg strength, dynamic balance/stability and eccentric hamstrings strength improve potential biomechanical risk factors for lower-limb ligament and muscle injuries (Lopes et al. 2018; Pappas et al. 2015; Ribeiro-Alvares et al. 2018). These improvements in neuromuscular and biomechanical parameters substantiate the preventive efficacy of exercise-based injury prevention programmes.
Eye and hand skills
Published in Jill Christmas, Rosaline Van de Weyer, Hands on Dyspraxia: Developmental Coordination Disorder, 2019
Jill Christmas, Rosaline Van de Weyer
Postural stability at shoulders and trunk and level of muscle tone may also be weak, making it hard for the child to maintain an upright position. Core stability is important for sustained sitting on a classroom chair.
Advances in Osteoarthritis of the Hip
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments, 2018
Pratham Surya, Sriram Srinivasan, Dipen K. Menon
Nonpharmacological or nondrug treatment aims to achieve relief from the symptoms of OA without the use of any chemical substance. Activities that involve lifting heavy weight should be avoided to prevent further damage to the hip joint. Obese people can work towards weight reduction as this can slow the progression of arthritis. Regular exercise for 20-30 minutes a day to maintain musculoskeletal fitness is recommended. Exercises like stretching, Pilates, yoga and swimming increase core stability and endurance of the musculoskeletal system. Patient education is highly recommended. Using a walking stick; wearing shoes with thick, soft, shock-absorbing soles and using other related mechanical aids can help to manage the symptoms of OA. The local application of warmth or cold (thermotherapy) and transcutaneous nerve stimulation have also been shown to have salutary effects on the management of pain and joint stiffness in OA. Physiotherapy involves the use of acupuncture, massage and other therapies, which can be beneficial in relieving the symptoms of OA, facilitating exercise treatment.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Clients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) in the Presence of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
Published in Occupational Therapy In Health Care, 2022
David Levine, Brittany Work, Susan McDonald, Nicole Harty, Carolee Mabe, Alison Powell, Graceline Sanford
For individuals with EDS, exercises for strengthening, fall prevention, and fitness need to be adapted in order to prevent injury (Engelbert et al., 2017). After engaging in high impact exercise, clients with EDS may report an increase in fatigue and pain (Roma et al., 2018). Clients with hEDS are at risk for injury with high impact exercise, such as running, due to the strain it places on hypermobile joints. Low impact exercises such as water aerobics and cycling may be better for clients with EDS because they place less stress on the individual’s joints. Core stability exercises and closed chain strengthening are also recommended in order to prevent poor postural patterns and promote joint stability (Rombaut et al., 2015; Simmonds et al., 2019). Swimming, Pilates, and walking are also modes of exercise that clients with EDS have reported to be helpful for well-being and fitness (Engelbert et al., 2017; Simmonds et al., 2019). Occupational therapists may recommend these forms of exercise for clients or incorporate low-impact exercises into interventions as preparatory activities.
Exercise parameters for the chronic type B aortic dissection patient: a literature review and case report
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Donald C. DeFabio, Christopher J. DeFabio
Bodyweight exercises were performed for between 1 and 3 sets of 15 reps. With resistance training, RPE was monitored and synchronized once again to keep it under 7/10. A rest interval of 60–90 seconds between each set was maintained. These parameters were well tolerated and kept the patients BP within an acceptable range. Core stability exercises were done with a 3–5 second hold and abdominal breathing to strengthen the diaphragm and pelvic floor muscles. As conditioning improved, the lower body exercise progression included single leg weight bearing exercises, due to their direct effect on activities of daily living (ADL), in sets of 8–10 with a 90 second rest. Resistance training was increased safely by adding sets and volume and maintaining a longer rest of 90 seconds between sets. Increasing the number of exercises per body part is an acceptable technique as well, however, the longer rest time is essential to avoid increasing BP over the duration of the workout. Avoiding the Valsalva effect was continued regardless of the exercise volume.
Scapular muscle balance and spinal stabilizer recruitment during an inverted row
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
James W. Youdas, Justin W. Hubble, Peter G. Johnson, Megan M. McCarthy, Michelle M. Saenz, John H. Hollman
Earlier reports confirmed that not all instability training devices boost muscle recruitment in highly resistance-trained persons (Wahl and Behm, 2008). Previous investigators described the use of stable and unstable support surfaces on muscle activation of core trunk stabilizers during supine and prone bridging (Czaprowski et al, 2014; Lehman, Hoda, and Oliver, 2005) and a standard push-up (Anderson, Gaetz, Holzmann, and Twist, 2011). Muscle activation of the RA and EO was significantly greater during a prone plank with forearms on a Swiss ball versus the floor (Czapowski et al, 2014; Lehman, Hoda, and Oliver, 2005). Other investigators (Anderson, Gaetz, Holtzmann, and Twist, 2011) observed muscle recruitment of the RA and internal obliques in highly trained persons during performance of four push-ups in: standard position with hands and feet on the floor; either hands or feet on an unstable surface; and both hands and feet on unstable surfaces. Push-ups performed with both hands and feet on unstable surfaces generated significantly greater core muscle activation than single instability or stable push-up conditions. This information suggests unstable surfaces in combination with standard exercises can elicit increased core muscle activation in highly trained persons as long as the instability training device delivers a sufficient disruption to core stability.